Dear Group,
I am not much used to UNIX. The company I am hosting wiht refuses to help me with this trouble, but as near as I can see, it is NOT my trouble.
I have had this service for over a year. I just renewed for another year and all of a sudden the disk quota has been disappearing. I... (3 Replies)
Hello
I run Gentoo Linux on my computer:
Athlon XP 1700+ ~1,46 mhz
512 mb ram
After a while, my computer works really slow, and when I cat /proc/meminfo, I see that I only have 8mb of 512 mb free!
How is that possible?
I dont run anything I can think of that eats that amount of... (4 Replies)
hi
I have an sun ultra 5 running a firewall which has logging enabled (essential). The disk is sliced up with /proc on / (c0t0d0s0). / is sliced at 3 gig. My problem is this, one afternoon, a manager asked me to retrieve some firewall logs, so i went into the relevant directory (also on the /... (3 Replies)
Hi,
I am not very much fmiliar with Solaris OS. My main concern for posting is One application is eating 50% of CPU and I cannot run that application, If I perform any action in that application it takes real long time.
I have solaris installed on my development machine.I have my application... (11 Replies)
Dear All,
I have executed a awk script in linux box which consists of 21 Million records.And i have two mapping files of 500 and 5200 records.To my surprise i found an error
awk: cmd. line:19: (FILENAME=/home/FILE FNR=21031272) fatal: Memory exhausted.
Is there any limitation for records... (3 Replies)
Hi,
I have installed sendmail on my solaris server. But sendmail its up high memory. its eat upto around 9-10 GB memory.
What to do in this ?
Thanks
NeeleshG (6 Replies)
Hi!
Could someone explain me why the below code is printing the contents of IF block 5 times instead of 0?
#!/bin/bash
VAR1="something"
VAR2="something"
for((i=0;i<10;i++))
do
if(($VAR1=~$VAR2))
then
echo VAR1: $VAR1
echo... (3 Replies)
Is there an input file memory limit for awk?
I have a 38Mb text file that I am trying to print out certatin lines and add a string to the end of that line.
When I excute the script on the 38Mb file the string I am adding is put on a new line. If I do the same with a smaller file the... (3 Replies)
how to find a job which is writing a big file and eating up space? (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: rush2andy
3 Replies
LEARN ABOUT CENTOS
rawdevices
RAW(8) System Administration RAW(8)NAME
raw - bind a Linux raw character device
SYNOPSIS
raw /dev/raw/raw<N> <major> <minor>
raw /dev/raw/raw<N> /dev/<blockdev>
raw -q /dev/raw/raw<N>
raw -qa
DESCRIPTION
raw is used to bind a Linux raw character device to a block device. Any block device may be used: at the time of binding, the device
driver does not even have to be accessible (it may be loaded on demand as a kernel module later).
raw is used in two modes: it either sets raw device bindings, or it queries existing bindings. When setting a raw device, /dev/raw/raw<N>
is the device name of an existing raw device node in the filesystem. The block device to which it is to be bound can be specified either
in terms of its major and minor device numbers, or as a path name /dev/<blockdev> to an existing block device file.
The bindings already in existence can be queried with the -q option, which is used either with a raw device filename to query that one
device, or with the -a option to query all bound raw devices.
Unbinding can be done by specifying major and minor 0.
Once bound to a block device, a raw device can be opened, read and written, just like the block device it is bound to. However, the raw
device does not behave exactly like the block device. In particular, access to the raw device bypasses the kernel's block buffer cache
entirely: all I/O is done directly to and from the address space of the process performing the I/O. If the underlying block device driver
can support DMA, then no data copying at all is required to complete the I/O.
Because raw I/O involves direct hardware access to a process's memory, a few extra restrictions must be observed. All I/Os must be cor-
rectly aligned in memory and on disk: they must start at a sector offset on disk, they must be an exact number of sectors long, and the
data buffer in virtual memory must also be aligned to a multiple of the sector size. The sector size is 512 bytes for most devices.
OPTIONS -q, --query
Set query mode. raw will query an existing binding instead of setting a new one.
-a, --all
With -q , specify that all bound raw devices should be queried.
-h, --help
Display help and exit.
-V, --version
Display version information and exit.
BUGS
The Linux dd(1) command should be used without the bs= option, or the blocksize needs to be a multiple of the sector size of the device
(512 bytes usually), otherwise it will fail with "Invalid Argument" messages (EINVAL).
Raw I/O devices do not maintain cache coherency with the Linux block device buffer cache. If you use raw I/O to overwrite data already in
the buffer cache, the buffer cache will no longer correspond to the contents of the actual storage device underneath. This is deliberate,
but is regarded either a bug or a feature depending on who you ask!
AUTHOR
Stephen Tweedie (sct@redhat.com)
AVAILABILITY
The raw command is part of the util-linux package and is available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.
util-linux August 1999 RAW(8)