09-14-2011
Just using wildcards in the command line works usually, but it breaks under any of these conditions:
- If you want to apply more than 1 command
- If the files where the command should be applied aren't all in the same directory
- If there are too many files to fit on 1 command line
- If you want to avoid "is a directory" error messages should a directory have a similar name as the files you want to modify
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APPLY(1) BSD General Commands Manual APPLY(1)
NAME
apply -- apply a command to a set of arguments
SYNOPSIS
apply [-a c] [-d] [-#] command argument ...
DESCRIPTION
The apply utility runs the named command on each argument argument in turn.
Character sequences of the form ``%d'' in command, where 'd' is a digit from 1 to 9, are replaced by the d'th following unused argument. In
this case, the largest digit number of arguments are discarded for each execution of command.
The options are as follows:
-# Normally arguments are taken singly; the optional number -# specifies the number of arguments to be passed to command. If the number
is zero, command is run, without arguments, once for each argument.
If any sequences of ``%d'' occur in command, the -# option is ignored.
-a c The use of the character '%' as a magic character may be changed with the -a option.
-d Display the commands that would have been executed, but do not actually execute them.
ENVIRONMENT
The following environment variable affects the execution of apply:
SHELL Pathname of shell to use. If this variable is not defined, the Bourne shell is used.
EXAMPLES
apply echo a*
is similar to ls(1);
apply -2 cmp a1 b1 a2 b2 a3 b3
compares the `a' files to the `b' files;
apply -0 who 1 2 3 4 5
runs who(1) 5 times; and
apply 'ln %1 /usr/joe' *
links all files in the current directory to the directory /usr/joe.
FILES
/bin/sh default shell
AUTHORS
Rob Pike
BUGS
Shell metacharacters in command may have bizarre effects; it is best to enclose complicated commands in single quotes ('').
HISTORY
The apply command appeared in 4.2BSD.
BSD
April 4, 1994 BSD