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Operating Systems OS X (Apple) What's the difference between /etc and /private/etc? Post 302530975 by [MA]Flying_Meat on Wednesday 15th of June 2011 01:15:11 PM
Old 06-15-2011
ls -l /

You'll see, among other things (or should see):

lrwxr-xr-x@ 1 root wheel 11B Mar 7 18:05 etc -> private/etc
lrwxr-xr-x@ 1 root wheel 11B Mar 7 18:27 var -> private/var

As pointed out, they are links to the actual directories in the /private directory.

The lowercase L at the start of the line indicates a link, as does the string after the link name (linkname -> target).

I've seen this, or a similar setup in another Unix platform waaaay back when. It's not "entirely" unusual or necessarily Apple-centric.

On my machine there are other directories under /private, but from a system use perspective, etc and var are probably the most frequently accessed directories there, so a link cuts down on some typing.

An annoying side note to links is, typing ls -l /var displays the information about the link file, not the directory contents, while ls -l /var/ displays the directory contents. :P Not a show stopper, but requires an additional 2 characters (up arrow then /, or up arrow then backspace) be typed if the result is not the intended one.
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NAMEI(1)						      General Commands Manual							  NAMEI(1)

NAME
namei - follow a pathname until a terminal point is found SYNOPSIS
namei [-mx] pathname [ pathname ... ] DESCRIPTION
Namei uses its arguments as pathnames to any type of Unix file (symlinks, files, directories, and so forth). Namei then follows each path- name until a terminal point is found (a file, directory, char device, etc). If it finds a symbolic link, we show the link, and start fol- lowing it, indenting the output to show the context. This program is useful for finding a "too many levels of symbolic links" problems. For each line output, namei outputs a the following characters to identify the file types found: f: = the pathname we are currently trying to resolve d = directory l = symbolic link (both the link and it's contents are output) s = socket b = block device c = character device - = regular file ? = an error of some kind Namei prints an informative message when the maximum number of symbolic links this system can have has been exceeded. OPTIONS
-x Show mount point directories with a 'D', rather than a 'd'. -m Show the mode bits of each file type in the style of ls(1), for example 'rwxr-xr-x'. AUTHOR
Roger Southwick (rogers@amadeus.wr.tek.com) BUGS
To be discovered. CAVEATS
Namei will follow an infinite loop of symbolic links forever. To escape, use SIGINT (usually ^C). SEE ALSO
ls(1), stat(1) Local NAMEI(1)
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