I have installed Linux 7.2 on a IBM xseries 235 server with 5 scsi hard drives and ServerRaid-5i Ultra320 scsi controller.
I started my installation by configuring the raid controller. I created 2 arrays, raid 1 and raid5. I then proceeded to install Linux and load the drivers.
After the... (2 Replies)
Hi!
I got some serious problems with booting the computer. When started it prints GRUB GRUB GRUB all over the screen. tchan on #grub tried to help me but with no result. Here is the log.
Mabey there is something that we have missed?:confused: (3 Replies)
my redhat 9 will not boot. We had a power failure and when the power came back, my redhat linux will not boot.
The machine come up to grub prompt.
I tried the following from grub prompt
root (hd0, then press tab key
partition num:0 filesystem type unknown, partition type 0x83... (7 Replies)
Hi, I installed solaris 10 a few weeks ago. It was working fine during the past two weeks. However, now when I start to load to the drive, I get this problem:
The BIOS screen comes up like normal, then screen goes blank and a message "Grub loading stage 2" flashes real quick then the computer... (1 Reply)
Hello,
I'm working on a x86 machine with 3 disks installed. I need to boot from disk to disk, but I cannot figure out how to do this using Grub. The O/S is Solaris 10 and grub version is 0.95
Can anyone give me any help with this?
Thanks,
James. (0 Replies)
Hi everyone
I have a problem. My configuration is as follows:
Sun 280R server
2 x internal disks
3 x state databases on disk 1
3 x state databases on disk 2
Disk 1 was giving errors, so I cleared the mirrors on it, deleted the state databases and replaced the disk. Before attaching... (5 Replies)
Hello,
I am using debian-5.0.0(lenny) . I installed windows xp(a hacked version) on a usb stick. this stick works perfectly well and boots off a windows system successfully.
but on linux it is finding problems to do so.
So I finally decided to put a grub entry to boot off the usb HDD.
... (8 Replies)
Hi,
i am running an old Opensolaris 5.11 snv_111b on an x86 server. After almost 4 years of successful service, last night out of the blue started to refuse all connections to it's services, ssh, http,etc. The only visible solution at that time was a restart. But now instead of booting the... (2 Replies)
Hi Solaris 10 Experts,
I am wondering what is the correct syntax to edit in Grub when trying to specify the local ZFS boot disk while booting up from a Solaris 10 x86 64bits DVD installation disk. In other word, I try to boot up from local disk without removing the Solaris installation disk... (0 Replies)
Hi, someone knows how can I boot my OS or cdrom from a Grub Minimal_Bash? :confused: sorry, I´m a dummy
I explain, when I start loading the OS, I get errors, and ends up in the grub bash. This is the minimal_bash and I have no idea of any command. It tells me "unknow partition". The problem is... (0 Replies)
Discussion started by: veravera
0 Replies
LEARN ABOUT LINUX
sudo_root
sudo_root(8) System Manager's Manual sudo_root(8)NAME
sudo_root - How to run administrative commands
SYNOPSIS
sudo command
sudo -i
INTRODUCTION
By default, the password for the user "root" (the system administrator) is locked. This means you cannot login as root or use su. Instead,
the installer will set up sudo to allow the user that is created during install to run all administrative commands.
This means that in the terminal you can use sudo for commands that require root privileges. All programs in the menu will use a graphical
sudo to prompt for a password. When sudo asks for a password, it needs your password, this means that a root password is not needed.
To run a command which requires root privileges in a terminal, simply prepend sudo in front of it. To get an interactive root shell, use
sudo -i.
ALLOWING OTHER USERS TO RUN SUDO
By default, only the user who installed the system is permitted to run sudo. To add more administrators, i. e. users who can run sudo, you
have to add these users to the group 'admin' by doing one of the following steps:
* In a shell, do
sudo adduser username admin
* Use the graphical "Users & Groups" program in the "System settings" menu to add the new user to the admin group.
BENEFITS OF USING SUDO
The benefits of leaving root disabled by default include the following:
* Users do not have to remember an extra password, which they are likely to forget.
* The installer is able to ask fewer questions.
* It avoids the "I can do anything" interactive login by default - you will be prompted for a password before major changes can happen,
which should make you think about the consequences of what you are doing.
* Sudo adds a log entry of the command(s) run (in /var/log/auth.log).
* Every attacker trying to brute-force their way into your box will know it has an account named root and will try that first. What they do
not know is what the usernames of your other users are.
* Allows easy transfer for admin rights, in a short term or long term period, by adding and removing users from the admin group, while not
compromising the root account.
* sudo can be set up with a much more fine-grained security policy.
* On systems with more than one administrator using sudo avoids sharing a password amongst them.
DOWNSIDES OF USING SUDO
Although for desktops the benefits of using sudo are great, there are possible issues which need to be noted:
* Redirecting the output of commands run with sudo can be confusing at first. For instance consider
sudo ls > /root/somefile
will not work since it is the shell that tries to write to that file. You can use
ls | sudo tee /root/somefile
to get the behaviour you want.
* In a lot of office environments the ONLY local user on a system is root. All other users are imported using NSS techniques such as
nss-ldap. To setup a workstation, or fix it, in the case of a network failure where nss-ldap is broken, root is required. This tends to
leave the system unusable. An extra local user, or an enabled root password is needed here.
GOING BACK TO A TRADITIONAL ROOT ACCOUNT
This is not recommended!
To enable the root account (i.e. set a password) use:
sudo passwd root
Afterwards, edit the sudo configuration with sudo visudo and comment out the line
%admin ALL=(ALL) ALL
to disable sudo access to members of the admin group.
SEE ALSO sudo(8), https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RootSudo
February 8, 2006 sudo_root(8)