02-11-2011
Big question first: which UNIX?
On the command line you have the choice of (off the top of my head)
strace,
truss,
dtrace, and
gdb. If you have X11 available, you could try and see if
DDD is available.
Or, if you are developing, you could install an IDE like
KDevelop.
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trace(1) General Commands Manual trace(1)
Name
trace - trace system calls of programs
Syntax
trace [options] cmd args...
Description
The command with no flag arguments traces for the given cmd and args all system calls made and prints a time stamp, the PID, call and/or
return values and arguments and puts its output in the file trace.dump.
Options
-f filename
Puts dump in file filename.
-z Echos arguments only.
Only one of the following option arguments can be specified at one time.
-c# Traces given PIDs and their children. Up to sixteen PIDs can be specified.
-g# Traces given groups only. Up to sixteen Group IDs can be specified.
-p# Traces given PIDs only. Up to sixteen PIDs can be specified.
-s# Traces given system calls only. Up to sixteen PIDs can be specified.
-u# Traces given UIDs only. Up to sixteen PIDs can be specified.
Examples
trace -f ls.dump ls -l /dev >ls.out
runs the cmd ls -l /dev and puts the trace in ls.dump and output in ls.out.
trace -f csh.trace -p $$ &
will trace your login shell in the background. To stop the trace just send it a termination signal (that is, kill -TERM trace_pid).
Restrictions
Due to security, no one, not even the super-user can trace anyone else's programs. This sort of negates some of the usefulness of the -g
and -u flags.
The program cannot be traced.
Only 16 numbers can be given to the -c, -p, -g, -u, and -s flags.
The kernel configuration file must contain the following:
options SYS_TRACE
pseudo-device sys_trace
In addition, the superuser must use the following command sequence to create the device:
cd /dev
MAKEDEV trace
If both lines are not in the configuration file or if the device is not made, the message "Cannot open /dev/trace" appears.
Files
/dev/trace read only character special device for reading syscall data.
trace.dump default file for the system call trace data.
See Also
open(2), close(2), ioctl(2), select(2), read(2), trace(5)
trace(1)