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Full Discussion: Hard Link Examples
Top Forums UNIX for Advanced & Expert Users Hard Link Examples Post 302442801 by jaysunn on Thursday 5th of August 2010 01:07:15 PM
Old 08-05-2010
Hard Link Examples

Hello,
Please move this if I chose the wrong forum category. This question pertains to Unix and Linux I believe. I google the difference between hard and symbolic/soft links and I understand the difference. What I am trying to find is a real example of a hard link being used in a Operating system.

e.g.

RedHat uses softlinks from:

Code:
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   19 Jul 16 11:14 S98haldaemon -> ../init.d/haldaemon
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   19 Jul 16 11:14 S99firstboot -> ../init.d/firstboot
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   11 Jul 19 15:39 S99local -> ../rc.local
lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root   16 Jul 16 11:12 S99smartd -> ../init.d/smartd

I would like to find a hard link example. Can some one show me one please?

Thanks,
jaysunn

Last edited by jaysunn; 08-05-2010 at 02:21 PM..
 

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symlink(2)							System Calls Manual							symlink(2)

NAME
symlink - make symbolic link to a file SYNOPSIS
DESCRIPTION
The function creates a symbolic link. Its name is the pathname pointed to by path2, which must be a pathname that does not name an existing file or symbolic link. The contents of the symbolic link are the string pointed to by path1. RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, returns 0. Otherwise, it returns -1 and sets to indicate the error. ERRORS
If fails, is set to one of the following values: [EACCES] Write permission is denied in the directory where the symbolic link is being created, or search permission is denied for a component of the path prefix of path2. [EEXIST] The path2 argument names an existing file or symbolic link. [EFAULT] path1 or path2 points outside the process's allocated address space. The reliable detection of this error is implementation-dependent. [EIO] An I/O error occurred while reading from path1, making the directory entry for path2, allocating the inode for path2, or writing out the link contents of path2. [ELOOP] Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving path2. [ENAMETOOLONG] The length of the path2 argument exceeds or pathname resolution of a symbolic link produced an intermediate result that exceeds or a pathname component is longer than [ENOENT] A component of path2 does not name an existing file or path2 is an empty string. [ENOSPC] The directory in which the entry for the new symbolic link is being placed cannot be extended because no space is left on the file system containing the directory, or the new symbolic link cannot be created because no space is left on the file system which will contain the link, or the file system is out of file- allocation resources. [ENOTDIR] A component of the path prefix of path2 is not a directory. [EROFS] The new symbolic link would reside on a read-only file system. APPLICATION USAGE
Like a hard link, a symbolic link allows a file to have multiple logical names. The presence of a hard link guarantees the existence of a file, even after the original name has been removed. A symbolic link provides no such assurance; in fact, the file named by the path1 argu- ment need not exist when the link is created. A symbolic link can cross file system boundaries. Normal permission checks are made on each component of the symbolic link pathname during its resolution. AUTHOR
was developed by the University of California, Berkeley. SEE ALSO
cp(1), chown(2), link(2), lstat(2), open(2), readlink(2), unlink(2), symlink(4), <unistd.h>. STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
CHANGE HISTORY
First released in Issue 4, Version 2. symlink(2)
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