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Full Discussion: Difference between cksum and sum in unix
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Difference between cksum and sum in unix Post 302412192 by clx on Monday 12th of April 2010 03:51:02 AM
Old 04-12-2010
Please have a look at the starting lines of man pages for the both.
you will find clear explanation there.

like,

Code:
     cksum uses a portable algorithm based on a 32-bit Cyclic Redundancy
      Check.  This algorithm finds a broader spectrum of errors than the
      16-bit algorithms used by sum (see sum(1)).  The CRC is the sum of the
      following expressions, where x is each byte of the file.
 
           x^32 + x^26 + x^23 +x^22 + x^16 + x^12 + x^11 + x^10 + x^8 + x^7
           + x^5 + x^4 + x^2 + x^1 + x^0

 

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LEARN ABOUT OPENSOLARIS

sum

sum(1)								   User Commands							    sum(1)

NAME

       sum - print checksum and block count for a file

SYNOPSIS

       sum [-r] [file]...

DESCRIPTION

       The   sum utility calculates and prints a 16-bit checksum for the named file and the number of 512-byte blocks in the file. It is typically
       used to look for bad spots, or to validate a file communicated over some transmission line.

OPTIONS

       The following options are supported:

       -r    Use an alternate (machine-dependent) algorithm in computing the checksum.

OPERANDS

       The following operands are supported:

       file    A path name of a file.  If no files are named, the standard input is used.

USAGE

       See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of sum when encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2^31 bytes).

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect  the	execution  of	sum:  LC_CTYPE,  LC_MESSAGES,  and
       NLSPATH.

EXIT STATUS

       The following exit values are returned.

       0     Successful completion.

       >0    An error occurred.

ATTRIBUTES

       See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:

       +-----------------------------------------------------------+
       |      ATTRIBUTE TYPE		    ATTRIBUTE VALUE	   |
       |Availability		      SUNWesu			   |
       |CSI			      Enabled			   |
       +-----------------------------------------------------------+

SEE ALSO

       cksum(1), sum(1B), wc(1), attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5)

DIAGNOSTICS

       Read error is indistinguishable from end of file on most devices. Check the block count.

NOTES

       Portable applications should use cksum(1).

       sum and usr/ucb/sum (see sum(1B)) return different checksums.

SunOS 5.11							    7 Nov 1995								    sum(1)
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