#!/usr/bin/env : perl no such file or directory Post: 302366990

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Top Forums UNIX for Advanced & Expert Users #!/usr/bin/env : perl no such file or directory Post 302366990 by drl on Saturday 31st of October 2009 07:54:47 AM

10-31-2009

Registered User

Hi.

These are good questions, and it is useful to know the issues. As radoulov has written, the env in the shebang line

Code:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

promotes portability. I use that in a template for writing scripts because I use several environments, and the locations of bash, ksh, perl, etc., are not consistent. This is often true for posting scripts here in this forum because the questions do not always mention the environment, Linux, Solaris, AIX, etc., so I almost always use that for suggested solutions. The Linux documentation for env leaves much to be desired in my opinion. For more information on many subjects including the use of env, see "bash Cookbook", O'Reilly, page 321.

However, we need to balance portability and security. If you have a consistent environment, then, for bash scripts, the construct

Code:

#!/bin/bash -

will avoid certain security risks. See "bash Cookbook", page 283. The authors consider the risks of the env construct to be small, so I generally stay with that.

Best wishes for safety and portability ... cheers, drl

drl

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atf-sh

ATF-SH(1)						    BSD General Commands Manual 						 ATF-SH(1)

NAME

     atf-sh [-s shell] -- interpreter for shell-based test programs

SYNOPSIS

     atf-sh script

DESCRIPTION

     atf-sh is an interpreter that runs the test program given in script after loading the atf-sh(3) library.

     atf-sh is not a real interpreter though: it is just a wrapper around the system-wide shell defined by ATF_SHELL.  atf-sh executes the inter-
     preter, loads the atf-sh(3) library and then runs the script.  You must consider atf-sh to be a POSIX shell by default and thus should not
     use any non-standard extensions.

     The following options are available:

     -s shell	  Specifies the shell to use instead of the value provided by ATF_SHELL.

ENVIRONMENT

     ATF_LIBEXECDIR    Overrides the builtin directory where atf-sh is located.  Should not be overridden other than for testing purposes.
     ATF_PKGDATADIR    Overrides the builtin directory where libatf-sh.subr is located.  Should not be overridden other than for testing purposes.
     ATF_SHELL	       Path to the system shell to be used in the generated scripts.  Scripts must not rely on this variable being set to select a
		       specific interpreter.

EXAMPLES

     Scripts using atf-sh(3) should start with:

	   #! /usr/bin/env atf-sh

     Alternatively, if you want to explicitly choose a shell interpreter, you cannot rely on env(1) to find atf-sh.  Instead, you have to hardcode
     the path to atf-sh in the script and then use the -s option afterwards as a single parameter:

	   #! /path/to/bin/atf-sh -s/bin/bash

ENVIRONMENT

     ATF_SHELL	  Path to the system shell to be used in the generated scripts.

SEE ALSO

     atf-sh(3)

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