Ive searched everywhere and still havnt found enough information to help me overcome (what seems like) a small problem
I have created a temporary file in which i store numbers which a seperated by a space, eg)
Code:
5 10 46
23 866 392
i wish to take the numbers for each line and add them together to find the sum for each line.
I am confused at how to specify the numbers too add ie) if i do this: while read line
do
m=0
sum=0 while (( m++ < ${#line} ))
do num=$(expr substr "$line" $m 1)
(( sum=sum+num))
done
echo $sum
done < fileNums
But this looks at each character, where as i want to look at each field seperated by a space.
I realise this can be specified using cut, with a deliminator to seperate each field - but I dont know how to iterate through each field in a line, especially since I dont know how many fields will be in each line.
Im using bash, and am trying to do this without using awk or sed. Using expr is the way I want to go.
Any help would be appreciated! I have been stuck for days!! Thank you.
Last edited by Yogesh Sawant; 04-20-2009 at 04:35 AM..
Reason: added code tags
I want to add a line at the beginning and at the end of a file..
e.g.
echo "at the beginning.." > tmp_file &&
cat file >> tmp_file &&
echo "last line" >> tmp_file &&
mv tmp_file file
is there a nice way for doing that??
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Discussion started by: MKH
6 Replies
LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
mdbfontset
mdbFontset(5) The m17n Library mdbFontset(5)NAME
mdbFontset - Fontset
DESCRIPTION
The m17n library loads a fontset definition from the m17n database by the tags <fontset, FONTSET-NAME>. The plist format of the data is as
follows:
FONTSET ::= PER-SCRIPT * PER-CHARSET * FALLBACK *
PER-SCRIPT ::= '(' SCRIPT PER-LANGUAGE + ')'
PER-LANGUAGE ::= '(' LANGUAGE FONT-SPEC-ELEMENT + ')'
PER-CHARSET ::= '(' CHARSET FONT-SPEC-ELEMENT + ')'
FALLBACK ::= FONT-SPEC-ELEMENT
FONT-SPEC-ELEMENT ::= '(' FONT-SPEC [ FLT-NAME ] ')'
FONT-SPEC ::=
'(' [ FOUNDRY FAMILY
[ WEIGHT [ STYLE [ STRETCH [ ADSTYLE ]]]]]
REGISTRY
[ OTF-SPEC ] [ LANG-SPEC ] ')'
SCRIPT is a symbol of script name (e.g. latin, han) or nil. LANGUAGE is a two-letter symbol of language name code defined by ISO 639 (e.g.
ja, zh) or nil.
FONT-SPEC is to specify properties of a font. FOUNDRY to REGISTRY are symbols corresponding to Mfoundry to Mregistry property of a font.
See m17nFont for the meaning of each property.
OTF-SPEC is a symbol specifyng the required OTF features. The symbol name has the following syntax.
OTF-SPEC-NAME ::= ':otf=' SCRIPT LANGSYS ? GSUB-FEATURES ? GPOS-FEATURES ?
SCRIPT ::= SYMBOL
LANGSYS ::= '/' SYMBOL
GSUB-FEATURES ::= '=' FEATURE-LIST ?
GPOS-FEATURES ::= '+' FEATURE-LIST ?
FEATURE-LIST ::= '~' ? FEATURE ( ',' '~' ? FEATURE ',' )
Here, FEATURE is a four-letter Open Type feature.
LANG-SPEC is a symbol specifying the required language support. The symbol name has the following syntax.
LANG-SPEC-NAME ::= ':lang=' LANG
Here, LANG is a two or three-letter ISO-639 language code.
FLT-NAME is a name of Font Layout Table (Font Layout Table).
EXAMPLE
This is an example of PER_SCRIPT.
(han
(ja
((jisx0208.1983-0)))
(zh
((gb2312.1980-0)))
(nil
((big5-0))))
It instructs the font selector to use a font of registry 'jisx0208.1983-0' for a 'han' character (i.e. a character whose Mscript property
is 'han') if the character has Mlanguage text property 'ja' in an M-text and the character is in the repertories of such fonts. Otherwise,
try a font of registry 'gb2312.1980-0' or 'big5-0'. If that 'han' character does not have Mlanguage text property, try all three fonts.
See the function mdraw_text() for the detail of how a font is selected.
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2001 Information-technology Promotion Agency (IPA)
Copyright (C) 2001-2011 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
<http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.html>.
Version 1.6.2 12 Jan 2011 mdbFontset(5)