Ive searched everywhere and still havnt found enough information to help me overcome (what seems like) a small problem
I have created a temporary file in which i store numbers which a seperated by a space, eg)
i wish to take the numbers for each line and add them together to find the sum for each line.
I am confused at how to specify the numbers too add ie) if i do this: while read line
do
m=0
sum=0 while (( m++ < ${#line} ))
do num=$(expr substr "$line" $m 1)
(( sum=sum+num))
done
echo $sum
done < fileNums
But this looks at each character, where as i want to look at each field seperated by a space.
I realise this can be specified using cut, with a deliminator to seperate each field - but I dont know how to iterate through each field in a line, especially since I dont know how many fields will be in each line.
Im using bash, and am trying to do this without using awk or sed. Using expr is the way I want to go.
Any help would be appreciated! I have been stuck for days!! Thank you.
Last edited by Yogesh Sawant; 04-20-2009 at 04:35 AM..
Reason: added code tags
I want to add a line at the beginning and at the end of a file..
e.g.
echo "at the beginning.." > tmp_file &&
cat file >> tmp_file &&
echo "last line" >> tmp_file &&
mv tmp_file file
is there a nice way for doing that??
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Discussion started by: MKH
6 Replies
LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
merge_fonts
merge_fonts(3alleg4) Allegro manual merge_fonts(3alleg4)NAME
merge_fonts - Merges two fonts into one font. Allegro game programming library.
SYNOPSIS
#include <allegro.h>
FONT *merge_fonts(FONT *f1, FONT *f2)
DESCRIPTION
This function merges the character ranges from two fonts and returns a new font containing all characters in the old fonts. In general, you
cannot merge fonts of different types (eg, TrueType fonts and bitmapped fonts), but as a special case, this function can promote a mono-
chrome bitmapped font to a color font and merge those. Example:
FONT *myfont;
FONT *myfancy_font;
FONT *lower_range;
FONT *upper_range;
FONT *capitals;
FONT *combined_font;
FONT *tempfont;
...
/* Create a font that contains the capitals from */
/* the fancy font but other characters from myfont */
lower_range = extract_font_range(myfont, -1, 'A'-1);
upper_range = extract_font_range(myfont, 'Z'+1, -1);
capitals = extract_font_range(myfancy_font, 'A', 'Z');
tempfont = merge_fonts(lower_range, capitals);
combined_font = merge_fonts(tempfont, upper_range);
/* Clean up temporary fonts */
destroy_font(lower_range);
destroy_font(upper_range);
destroy_font(capitals);
destroy_font(tempfont);
RETURN VALUE
Returns a pointer to the new font or NULL on error. Remember that you are responsible for destroying the font when you are finished with it
to avoid memory leaks.
SEE ALSO extract_font_range(3alleg4), is_trans_font(3alleg4), is_color_font(3alleg4), is_mono_font(3alleg4), exfont(3alleg4)Allegro version 4.4.2 merge_fonts(3alleg4)