08-18-2008
That's slightly inexact. tar by itself simply collects stuff into a container; usually, this file has an extension .tar and very often, you then compress ("zip") it using gzip or bzip2. This is different from the Windows program zip/unzip which does both jobs (collecting into a container, and compressing). A gzipped tar file gets an extension of .tar.gz or .tgz (for legacy DOS compatibility) and a bzipped tar file usually gets .tar.bz2. There was also a legacy utility compress which had the extension .Z and those were mapped into .taz for DOS compatibility, but you don't see it used much these days, as the compression rate is unimpressive by today's standards.
(Of course, the extension could basically be anything or nothing, but these are the usual conventions.)
Some modern tar programs have options to do compression and decompression on the fly; in GNU tar, the z flag selects gzip compression and decompression, and the j flag selects bzip2.
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