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Full Discussion: Counting the number of occurances of all characters (a-z) in a string
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Counting the number of occurances of all characters (a-z) in a string Post 302221867 by bounsy on Tuesday 5th of August 2008 12:10:10 PM
Old 08-05-2008
Non-destructive counting
I know this is an older thread, but I had a slightly different scenario, where I needed non-destructive counting and thought I'd share.

The s///g and tr/// methods already mentioned remove text from the original string. With a slight modification (adding parentheses and $1), the s/// operator can be used non-destructively:

$count = $string =~ s/([a-zA-Z])/$1/g;

In my specific case, I needed to sort a list of directories by depth. That is: /, /onelevel, /two/levels, /three/level/path, etc.

My solution was the following:

@dirs = sort {($a =~s/(\/)/$1/g) <=> ($b =~s/(\/)/$1/g)} @dirs;

It sorts the list by the number of times "/" appears in the directory, which (on a Unix system) is the same as the depth. The sort function is able to obtain the counts repeatedly and still have the original strings left over.

Note that my code doesn't correctly handle doubled slashes (e.g. "/my//dir") or relative paths (e.g., "../dir" or "/my/dir/../dir2"), but it's easy to handle those by ensuring that the paths are all absolute prior to the above line of code.
 

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LEARN ABOUT V7

opannotate

OPANNOTATE(1)						      General Commands Manual						     OPANNOTATE(1)

NAME

       opannotate - produce source or assembly annotated with profile data

SYNOPSIS

       opannotate [ options ] [profile specification]

DESCRIPTION

       opannotate  outputs  annotated  source  and/or  assembly from profile data of an OProfile session. See oprofile(1) for how to write profile
       specifications.

OPTIONS

       --assembly / -a
	      Output annotated assembly. If this is combined with --source, then mixed source / assembly annotations are output.

       --demangle / -D none|smart|normal
	      none: no demangling. normal: use default demangler (default) smart: use pattern-matching to make C++ symbol  demangling  more  read-
	      able.

       --exclude-dependent / -x
	      Do not include application-specific images for libraries, kernel modules and the kernel. This option only makes sense if the profile
	      session used --separate.

       --exclude-file [files]
	      Exclude all files in the given comma-separated list of glob patterns.

       --exclude-symbols / -e [symbols]
	      Exclude all the symbols in the given comma-separated list.

       --help / -? / --usage
	      Show help message.

       --image-path / -p [paths]
	      Comma-separated list of additional paths to search for binaries.	This is needed to find modules in kernels 2.6 and upwards.

       --root / -R [path]
	      A path to a filesystem to search for additional binaries.

       --include-file [files]
	      Only include files in the given comma-separated list of glob patterns.

       --include-symbols / -i [symbols]
	      Only include symbols in the given comma-separated list.

       --objdump-params [params]
	      Pass the given parameters as extra values when calling objdump.

       --output-dir / -o [dir]
	      Output directory. This makes opannotate output one annotated file for each source file. This option can't  be  used  in  conjunction
	      with --assembly.

       --search-dirs / -d [paths]
	      Comma-separated  list  of  paths to search for source files. You may need to use this option when the debug information for an image
	      contains relative paths.

       --base-dirs / -b [paths]
	      Comma-separated list of paths to strip from debug source files, prior to looking for them in --search-dirs.

       --session-dir=dir_path
	      Use sample database out of directory dir_path instead of the default location (/var/lib/oprofile).

       --source / -s
	      Output annotated source. This requires debugging information to be available for the binaries.

       --threshold / -t [percentage]
	      Only output data for symbols that have more than the given percentage of total samples.

       --verbose / -V [options]
	      Give verbose debugging output.

       --version / -v
	      Show version.

ENVIRONMENT

       No special environment variables are recognised by opannotate.

FILES

       /var/lib/oprofile/samples/
	      The location of the generated sample files.

VERSION

       This man page is current for oprofile-0.9.6.

SEE ALSO

       /usr/share/doc/oprofile/, oprofile(1)

4th Berkeley Distribution					 Tue 06 July 2010						     OPANNOTATE(1)
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