07-24-2008
Hi,
I had already added the 3 header files as suggested by murphy as follows :-
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include "ifile.h"
#include <libgen.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pwd.h>
The earlier code had cuserid() as follows :-
1) DISCARD strcpy(user , (char*) cuserid((char*)0));
As cuserid() is not a valid function in linux, I can use either getlogin() or getpwuid()
As per Jim's suggestion, if I put the code like this :-
2) DISCARD strcpy(user, getlogin());
I don't have any errors, as follows :-
$ gcc gapw.c
/tmp/cc6K9ODh.o(.text+0x21d): In function `main':
: undefined reference to `getprofilestring'
/tmp/cc6K9ODh.o(.text+0x2ec): In function `main':
: undefined reference to `getprofilestring'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
$ make clean
rm -f getkey.o ifile.o bitt.o getkey getapp \
putkey getall getappkeys gapw filetime filetime.o gapw.o bitt \
libExtRelan.so envi envi.o
$ make gapw
cc -c -o gapw.o gapw.c
cc -c -o ifile.o ifile.c
cc -o gapw gapw.o ifile.o -lc_r
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lc_r
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [gapw] Error 1
$
But, I think the logic will be changed when we compare the code at 1) and 2), above.
Also, when I do a gcc gapw.c, I still get the above errors, though there are no errors
when I do a make gapw.
Request you to please give your inputs.
Thanks a lot in advance.
Best Regards,
Marconi.
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LEARN ABOUT LINUX
cuserid
GETLOGIN(3) Linux Programmer's Manual GETLOGIN(3)
NAME
getlogin, getlogin_r, cuserid - get username
SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>
char *getlogin(void);
int getlogin_r(char *buf, size_t bufsize);
#include <stdio.h>
char *cuserid(char *string);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
getlogin_r(): _REENTRANT || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 199506L
cuserid(): _XOPEN_SOURCE
DESCRIPTION
getlogin() returns a pointer to a string containing the name of the user logged in on the controlling terminal of the process, or a null
pointer if this information cannot be determined. The string is statically allocated and might be overwritten on subsequent calls to this
function or to cuserid().
getlogin_r() returns this same username in the array buf of size bufsize.
cuserid() returns a pointer to a string containing a username associated with the effective user ID of the process. If string is not a
null pointer, it should be an array that can hold at least L_cuserid characters; the string is returned in this array. Otherwise, a
pointer to a string in a static area is returned. This string is statically allocated and might be overwritten on subsequent calls to this
function or to getlogin().
The macro L_cuserid is an integer constant that indicates how long an array you might need to store a username. L_cuserid is declared in
<stdio.h>.
These functions let your program identify positively the user who is running (cuserid()) or the user who logged in this session (getlo-
gin()). (These can differ when set-user-ID programs are involved.)
For most purposes, it is more useful to use the environment variable LOGNAME to find out who the user is. This is more flexible precisely
because the user can set LOGNAME arbitrarily.
RETURN VALUE
getlogin() returns a pointer to the username when successful, and NULL on failure. getlogin_r() returns 0 when successful, and nonzero on
failure.
ERRORS
POSIX specifies
EMFILE The calling process already has the maximum allowed number of open files.
ENFILE The system already has the maximum allowed number of open files.
ENXIO The calling process has no controlling tty.
ERANGE (getlogin_r) The length of the username, including the terminating null byte, is larger than bufsize.
Linux/glibc also has
ENOENT There was no corresponding entry in the utmp-file.
ENOMEM Insufficient memory to allocate passwd structure.
ENOTTY Standard input didn't refer to a terminal. (See BUGS.)
FILES
/etc/passwd
password database file
/var/run/utmp
(traditionally /etc/utmp; some libc versions used /var/adm/utmp)
CONFORMING TO
getlogin() and getlogin_r() specified in POSIX.1-2001.
System V has a cuserid() function which uses the real user ID rather than the effective user ID. The cuserid() function was included in
the 1988 version of POSIX, but removed from the 1990 version. It was present in SUSv2, but removed in POSIX.1-2001.
OpenBSD has getlogin() and setlogin(), and a username associated with a session, even if it has no controlling tty.
BUGS
Unfortunately, it is often rather easy to fool getlogin(). Sometimes it does not work at all, because some program messed up the utmp
file. Often, it gives only the first 8 characters of the login name. The user currently logged in on the controlling tty of our program
need not be the user who started it. Avoid getlogin() for security-related purposes.
Note that glibc does not follow the POSIX specification and uses stdin instead of /dev/tty. A bug. (Other recent systems, like SunOS 5.8
and HP-UX 11.11 and FreeBSD 4.8 all return the login name also when stdin is redirected.)
Nobody knows precisely what cuserid() does; avoid it in portable programs. Or avoid it altogether: use getpwuid(geteuid()) instead, if
that is what you meant. Do not use cuserid().
SEE ALSO
geteuid(2), getuid(2), utmp(5)
COLOPHON
This page is part of release 3.27 of the Linux man-pages project. A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.
GNU
2008-06-29 GETLOGIN(3)