06-23-2008
Deference between pipe and normal file
I want to know what is the architectural deference between a named pipe and normal file in unix .
I know one is pipe only use direct blocks of inode.So what happens when it filled all direct blocks should it reset values after that.
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LEARN ABOUT CENTOS
rngtest
RNGTEST(1) General Commands Manual RNGTEST(1)
NAME
rngtest - Check the randomness of data using FIPS 140-2 tests
SYNOPSIS
rngtest [-c n | --blockcount=n] [-b n | --blockstats=n] [-t n | --timedstats=n] [-p | --pipe] [-?] [--help] [-V] [--version]
DESCRIPTION
rngtest works on blocks of 20000 bits at a time, using the FIPS 140-2 (errata of 2001-10-10) tests to verify the randomness of the block of
data.
It takes input from stdin, and outputs statistics to stderr, optionally echoing blocks that passed the FIPS tests to stdout (when operating
in pipe mode). Errors are sent to stderr.
At startup, rngtest will trow away the first 32 bits of data when operating in pipe mode. It will use the next 32 bits of data to boot-
strap the FIPS tests (even when not operating in pipe mode). These bits are not tested for randomness.
Statistics are dumped to stderr when the program exits.
OPTIONS
-p, --pipe
Enable pipe mode. All data blocks that pass the FIPS tests are echoed to stdout, and rngtest operates in silent mode.
-c n, --blockcount=n (default: 0)
Exit after processing n input blocks, if n is not zero.
-b n, --blockstats=n (default: 0)
Dump statistics every n blocks, if n is not zero.
-t n, --timedstats=n (default: 0)
Dump statistics every n seconds, if n is not zero.
-?, --help
Give a short summary of all program options.
-V, --version
Print program version
STATISTICS
rngtest will dump statistics to stderr when it exits, and when told to by blockstats or timedstats.
FIPS 140-2 successes and FIPS 140-2 failures counts the number of 20000-bit blocks either accepted or rejected by the FIPS 140-2 tests.
The other statistics show a breakdown of the FIPS 140-2 failures by FIPS 140-2 test. See the FIPS 140-2 document for more information
(note that these tests are defined on FIPS 140-1 and FIPS 140-2 errata of 2001-10-10. They were removed in FIPS 140-2 errata of
2002-12-03).
The speed statistics are taken for every 20000-bit block transferred or processed.
EXIT STATUS
0 if no errors happen, and no blocks fail the FIPS tests.
1 if no errors happen, but at least one block fails the FIPS tests.
10 if there are problems with the parameters.
11 if an input/output error happens.
12 if an operating system or resource starvation error happens.
SEE ALSO
random(4), rngd(8)
FIPS PUB 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules, NIST,
http://csrc.nist.gov/cryptval/140-2.htm
AUTHORS
Henrique de Moraes Holschuh <hmh@debian.org>
rng-tools 4 March 2004 RNGTEST(1)