STRTOK(3)						     Linux Programmer's Manual							 STRTOK(3)

NAME

       strtok, strtok_r - extract tokens from strings

SYNOPSIS

       #include <string.h>

       char *strtok(char *str, const char *delim);

       char *strtok_r(char *str, const char *delim, char **saveptr);

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       strtok_r(): _SVID_SOURCE || _BSD_SOURCE || _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 1 || _XOPEN_SOURCE || _POSIX_SOURCE

DESCRIPTION

       The strtok() function parses a string into a sequence of tokens.  On the first call to strtok() the string to be parsed should be specified
       in str.	In each subsequent call that should parse the same string, str should be NULL.

       The delim argument specifies a set of bytes that delimit the tokens in the parsed string.  The caller  may  specify  different  strings	in
       delim in successive calls that parse the same string.

       Each call to strtok() returns a pointer to a null-terminated string containing the next token.  This string does not include the delimiting
       byte.  If no more tokens are found, strtok() returns NULL.

       A sequence of two or more contiguous delimiter bytes in the parsed string is considered to be a single delimiter.  Delimiter bytes  at  the
       start or end of the string are ignored.	Put another way: the tokens returned by strtok() are always nonempty strings.

       The strtok_r() function is a reentrant version strtok().  The saveptr argument is a pointer to a char * variable that is used internally by
       strtok_r() in order to maintain context between successive calls that parse the same string.

       On the first call to strtok_r(), str should point to the string to be parsed, and the value of saveptr is ignored.   In	subsequent  calls,
       str should be NULL, and saveptr should be unchanged since the previous call.

       Different strings may be parsed concurrently using sequences of calls to strtok_r() that specify different saveptr arguments.

RETURN VALUE

       The strtok() and strtok_r() functions return a pointer to the next token, or NULL if there are no more tokens.

CONFORMING TO

       strtok()
	      SVr4, POSIX.1-2001, 4.3BSD, C89, C99.

       strtok_r()
	      POSIX.1-2001.

BUGS

       Be cautious when using these functions.	If you do use them, note that:

       * These functions modify their first argument.

       * These functions cannot be used on constant strings.

       * The identity of the delimiting byte is lost.

       * The strtok() function uses a static buffer while parsing, so it's not thread safe.  Use strtok_r() if this matters to you.

EXAMPLE

       The  program below uses nested loops that employ strtok_r() to break a string into a two-level hierarchy of tokens.  The first command-line
       argument specifies the string to be parsed.  The second argument specifies the delimiter byte(s) to be used to separate	that  string  into
       "major" tokens.	The third argument specifies the delimiter byte(s) to be used to separate the "major" tokens into subtokens.

       An example of the output produced by this program is the following:

	   $ ./a.out 'a/bbb///cc;xxx:yyy:' ':;' '/'
	   1: a/bbb///cc
		    --> a
		    --> bbb
		    --> cc
	   2: xxx
		    --> xxx
	   3: yyy
		    --> yyy

   Program source

       #include <stdio.h>
       #include <stdlib.h>
       #include <string.h>

       int
       main(int argc, char *argv[])
       {
	   char *str1, *str2, *token, *subtoken;
	   char *saveptr1, *saveptr2;
	   int j;

	   if (argc != 4) {
	       fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s string delim subdelim
",
		       argv[0]);
	       exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
	   }

	   for (j = 1, str1 = argv[1]; ; j++, str1 = NULL) {
	       token = strtok_r(str1, argv[2], &saveptr1);
	       if (token == NULL)
		   break;
	       printf("%d: %s
", j, token);

	       for (str2 = token; ; str2 = NULL) {
		   subtoken = strtok_r(str2, argv[3], &saveptr2);
		   if (subtoken == NULL)
		       break;
		   printf(" --> %s
", subtoken);
	       }
	   }

	   exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
       }

       Another example program using strtok() can be found in getaddrinfo_a(3).

SEE ALSO

       index(3), memchr(3), rindex(3), strchr(3), string(3), strpbrk(3), strsep(3), strspn(3), strstr(3), wcstok(3)

COLOPHON

       This  page is part of release 3.44 of the Linux man-pages project.  A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
       be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

GNU
								    2012-05-10								 STRTOK(3)