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Full Discussion: Unix shell script for finding top ten files of maximum size
Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Unix shell script for finding top ten files of maximum size Post 302167479 by sb008 on Thursday 14th of February 2008 02:19:30 PM
Old 02-14-2008
Quote:
Originally Posted by maheshwin
ls -l will give the output of the total directory links , so dont trust it, du is the exact form to get the info, above commands are perfectly true

-rw-rw-rw- 1 pnt pf 87843360 Feb 6 02:21 /pfta02/10.001

Type of file: - (regular)
Access permission: rw-rw-rw- (readable/writable for everyone)
(Directory) links: 1 (usually 1 for a regular file, unless there are hard links)
owner: prt
group: pf
actual size: 87843360
date of last modification: Feb 6 02:21
filenaam: /pfta02/10.001

So the difference in size has nothing to do with the number of directory links, which is 1 in this case.


The "du" command, without options, reports the size in full disk blocks (usually 512 bytes) allocated by the file, where "ls -l" reports the size of the effective data in the file.

For each file at least 1 full disk block is allocated (actually 2 disk blocks), even of it contains just 1 byte of data.

Files always allocate space in full disk blocks.

Since the "du" commands reports in disk blocks, the result will always be a little bit more than the size reported by "ls -l".

The size of the file = 87843360 bytes
To store this amount of bytes at least 87843360/512 = 171569,0625 disk blocks are needed.

Rounded this would be 171570 full disk blocks. At least 1 extra block is needed, which makes it 171571.

The "du" command reports a size of 171572 blocks which is still 1 block more.

This means the file is most likely split up in 2 fragments.

Where the last block in each segment is not fully filled.
 

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LEARN ABOUT HPUX

du

du(1)							      General Commands Manual							     du(1)

NAME

       du - summarize disk usage

SYNOPSIS

       type] [name]...

DESCRIPTION

       The command gives the number of 512-byte blocks allocated for all files and (recursively) directories within each directory and file speci-
       fied by the name operands.  The block count includes the indirect blocks of the file.  A file with two or more links is counted only  once.
       If name is missing, the current working directory is used.

       By default, generates an entry only for the name operands and each directory contained within those hierarchies.

       By  default,  when  a  symbolic	link is encountered on the command line or in the file hierarchy, will count the size of the symbolic link
       rather than the file referenced by the link, and will not follow the link to another portion of the file hierarchy.

   Options
       The command recognizes the following options:

	      Print entries for each file encountered
			     in the directory hierarchies in addition to the normal output.

	      For each	     name operand that is a directory for which file system swap has been enabled, print the number  of  blocks  the  swap
			     system is currently using.

	      If a symbolic link is specified on the command line,
			     will count the size of the file or file hierarchy referenced by the link.	Unlike the option, it will not follow sym-
			     bolic links encountered during the traversal of the directory hierarchy.

	      Gives the block count in 1024-byte blocks.

	      If a symbolic link is specified on the command line or
			     encountered during the traversal of a file hierarchy, will count the size of the file or file hierarchy referenced by
			     the link.

	      Print messages about directories that cannot be read,
			     files that cannot be accessed, and so on.	is normally silent about such conditions.

	      Print only the grand total of disk usage
			     for each of the specified name operands.

	      Restrict reporting to file systems of the specified
			     type.   (Example values for type are and so on.)  Multiple options can be specified.  Disk usage is normally reported
			     for the entire directory hierarchy below each of the given name operands.

	      Restrict reporting to only those files
			     that have the same device as the file specified by the name operand.  Disk usage is normally reported for the  entire
			     directory hierarchy below each of the given name operands.

       According  to  the  standards,  specifying  more  than one of the mutually-exclusive options and will not be considered an error.  The last
       option specified will determine the behavior of the utility.

EXAMPLES

       Display disk usage for the current working directory and all directories below it, generating error messages for unreadable directories:

       Display disk usage for the entire file system except for any or mounted file systems:

       Display disk usage for files on the root volume only.  No usage statistics are collected for any other mounted file systems:

WARNINGS

       Block counts are incorrect for files that contain holes.

SEE ALSO

       df(1M), bdf(1M), quot(1M), standards(5).

STANDARDS CONFORMANCE

																	     du(1)
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