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Full Discussion: Find and Replace in multiple files (Shell script)
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Find and Replace in multiple files (Shell script) Post 302143944 by gus2000 on Monday 5th of November 2007 01:11:25 PM
Old 11-05-2007
When using "sed" for replacements, like this:

Code:
sed -e 's/AAA/BBB/g'

the separator (slash "/" in this case) can be any character. Since you have slashes in your replacement text, you should use some other character, preferably one that will not be used in the search or replacement text.

Code:
# These are all equivalent:
sed -e 's/AAA/BBB/g'
sed -e 's!AAA!BBB!g'
sed -e 's+AAA+BBB+g'

 

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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN

net::ifconfig::wrapper

Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper(3pm)				User Contributed Perl Documentation			       Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper(3pm)

NAME

       Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper - provides a unified way to configure network interfaces on FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, Linux, OS X, and WinNT (from
       Win2K).

       Version 0.11

SYNOPSIS

	 #!/usr/local/bin/perl -w
	 # uni-ifconfig.pl
	 # The unified ifconfig command.
	 # Works the same way on FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, Linux, OS X, WinNT (from Win2K).
	 # Note: due of Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper limitations 'inet' and 'down' commands
	 # are not working on WinNT. +/-alias are working, of course.

	 use strict;

	 use Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper;

	 my $Usage = << 'EndOfText';
	 uni-ifconfig.pl	 # Print this notice
	 uni-ifconfig.pl -a	 # Print info about all interfaces
	 uni-ifconfig.pl <iface> # Print info obout specified interface
	 uni-ifconfig.pl <iface> down
				 # Bring specified interface down
	 uni-ifconfig.pl <iface> inet <AAA.AAA.AAA.AAA> mask <MMM.MMM.MMM.MMM>
				 # Set the specified address on the specified interface
				 # and bring this interface up
	 uni-ifconfig.pl <iface> inet <AAA.AAA.AAA.AAA> mask <MMM.MMM.MMM.MMM> [+]alias
				 # Set the specified alias address
				 # on the specified interface
	 uni-ifconfig.pl <iface> inet <AAA.AAA.AAA.AAA> [mask <MMM.MMM.MMM.MMM>] -alias
				 # Remove specified alias address
				 # from the specified interface
	 EndOfText

	 my $Info = Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper::Ifconfig('list', '', '', '')
	       or die $@;

	 scalar(keys(%{$Info}))
	       or die "No one interface found. Something wrong?
";

	 if (!scalar(@ARGV))
	       {
	       print $Usage;
	       exit 0;
	       }

	 if ($ARGV[0] eq '-a')
	       {
	       defined($ARGV[1])
		       and die $Usage;
	       foreach (sort(keys(%{$Info})))
		       { print IfaceInfo($Info, $_); };
	       exit 0;
	       };

	 $Info->{$ARGV[0]}
	       or die "Interface '$ARGV[0]' is unknown
";

	 if    (!defined($ARGV[1]))
	       {
	       print IfaceInfo($Info, $ARGV[0]);
	       exit 0;
	       }

	 my $CmdLine = join(' ', @ARGV);
	 my $Result = undef;

	 if    ($CmdLine =~ m/As*([w{}-]+)s+downs*/i)
	       {
	       $Result = Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper::Ifconfig('down', $1, '', '');
	       }
	 elsif ($CmdLine =~ m/As*([w{}-]+)s+inets+(d{1,3}(?:.d{1,3}){3})s+masks+(d{1,3}(?:.d{1,3}){3})s*/i)
	       {
	       $Result = Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper::Ifconfig('inet', $1, $2, $3);
	       }
	 elsif ($CmdLine =~ m/As*([w{}-]+)s+inets+(d{1,3}(?:.d{1,3}){3})s+masks+(d{1,3}(?:.d{1,3}){3})s++?aliass*/i)
	       {
	       $Result = Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper::Ifconfig('+alias', $1, $2, $3);
	       }
	 elsif ($CmdLine =~ m/As*([w{}-]+)s+inets+(d{1,3}(?:.d{1,3}){3})s+(:?masks+(d{1,3}(?:.d{1,3}){3})s+)?-aliass*/i)
	       {
	       $Result = Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper::Ifconfig('-alias', $1, $2, '');
	       }
	 else
	       { die $Usage; };

	 $Result
	       or die $@;

	 exit 0;

	 sub IfaceInfo
	       {
	       my ($Info, $Iface) = @_;

	       my $Res = "$Iface:	".($Info->{$Iface}{'status'} ? 'UP' : 'DOWN')."
";

	       while (my ($Addr, $Mask) = each(%{$Info->{$Iface}{'inet'}}))
		       { $Res .= sprintf("	inet %-15s mask $Mask
", $Addr); };

	       $Info->{$Iface}{'ether'}
		       and $Res .= "	ether ".$Info->{$Iface}{'ether'}."
";

	       $Info->{$Iface}{'descr'}
		       and $Res .= "	descr '".$Info->{$Iface}{'descr'}."'
";

	       return $Res;
	       };

DESCRIPTION

       This module provides a unified way to configure the network interfaces on FreeBSD, OpenBSD, Solaris, Linux, OS X, and WinNT (from Win2K)
       systems.

       Only "inet" (IPv4) and "ether" (MAC) addresses are supported at the moment

       On Unixes this module calls the system "ifconfig" command to perform the actions.  On Windows the functions from IpHlpAPI.DLL are called.

       For all supported Unixes "Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper" expect "ifconfig" command to be "/sbin/ifconfig".

       Module was tested on FreeBSD 4.7,4.8,5.3 (Intel), RedHat 6.2,7.3,8.0 (Intel), Win2000 Pro (Intel), OpenBSD 3.1 (SPARC), Solaris 7 (SPARC),
       OS X 10.3 (aka Panther), OS X 10.4 (aka Tiger).

       In MSWin32 family only WinNT is supported. In WinNT family only Win2K or later is supported.

The Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper methods
       "Ifconfig(Command, Interface, Address, Netmask);"
	   The first and the last method of the  "Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper" module. Do all the job.  The particular action is described by the
	   $Command parameter.

	   $Command could be:

	   'list'  "Ifconfig('list', '', '', '')" will return the reference to the hash contains the information about interfaces.

		   The structure of this hash is the following:

		     {IfaceName => {'status' => 0|1	     # The status of the interface. 0 means down, 1 means up
				    'ether'  => MACaddr,     # The ethernet address of the interface if available
				    'descr'  => Description, # The description of the interface if available
				    'inet'   => {IPaddr1 => NetMask, # The IP address and his netmask, both are in AAA.BBB.CCC.DDD notation
						 IPaddr2 => NetMask,
						 ...
						},
		     ...
		     };

		   Interface, Address, Netmask parameters are ignored.

		   The following programs are called:

		   FreeBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig -a"

		   Solaris     "/sbin/ifconfig -a"

		   OpenBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig -A"

		   Linux       "/sbin/ifconfig -a"

		   OS X        "/sbin/ifconfig -a"

		   MSWin32     "GetAdaptersInfo" function from "IpHlpAPI.DLL"

		   Limitations:

		   OpenBSD: "/sbin/ifconfig -A" command is not returning information about MAC addresses so we are trying to get it from
		   '/usr/sbin/arp -a' command (first 'static' entry).  If no one present the 'ff:ff:ff:ff:ff' address is returned.

		   MSWin32: "GetAdaptersInfo" function is not returning information about interface which have address 127.0.0.1 binded so
		   "Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper" have no ability to display it.

		   Not limitation but little problem: MSWin32 interface names are not human-readable, they looks like
		   "{843C2077-30EC-4C56-A401-658BB1E42BC7}" (on Win2K at least).

	   'inet'  This function is used to set IPv4 address on interface. It have to be called as

		     Ifconfig('inet', $IfaceName, $Addr, $Mask);

		   $IfaceName is an interface name as displayed by 'list' command

		   $Addr is an IPv4 address in the "AAA.AAA.AAA.AAA" notation

		   $Mask is an IPv4 subnet mask in the "MMM.MMM.MMM.MMM" notation

		   The following actual "ifconfig" programs are called

		   FreeBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% up"

		   Solaris     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% netmask %Mask% up"

		   OpenBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% up"

		   Linux       "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% up"

		   OS X        "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% up"

		   MSWin32:    nothing :(

		   Limitations:

		   MSWin32: I did not find the relaible way to recognize the "main" address on the Win32 network interface, so I have disabled
		   this functionality. If you know the way please let me know.

	   'up'    Just a synonym for 'inet'

	   'down'  This function is used to bring specified interface down. It have to be called as

		     Ifconfig('inet', $IfaceName, '', '');

		   $IfaceName is an interface name as displayed by 'list' command

		   Address and Netmask are ignored.

		   The following actual "ifconfig" programs are called

		   FreeBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% down"

		   Solaris     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% down"

		   OpenBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% down"

		   Linux       "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% down"

		   OS X        "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% down"

		   MSWin32     nothing :(

		   Limitations:

		   MSWin32: I did not find the way to implement the 'up' command so I did not implement 'down'.

	   '+alias'
		   This function is used to set IPv4 alias address on interface. It have to be called as

		     Ifconfig('+alias', $IfaceName, $Addr, $Mask);

		   $IfaceName is an interface name as displayed by 'list' command

		   $Addr is an IPv4 address in the "AAA.AAA.AAA.AAA" notation

		   $Mask is an IPv4 subnet mask in the "MMM.MMM.MMM.MMM" notation

		   The following actual "ifconfig" programs are called

		   FreeBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%	       inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% alias"

		   Solaris     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%:%Logic% inet %Addr% netmask %Mask% up"

		   OpenBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%	       inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% alias"

		   Linux       "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%:%Logic% inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% up"

		   OS X        "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%	       inet %Addr% netmask  %Mask% alias"

		   MSWin32     "AddIPAddress" function from "IpHlpAPI.DLL"

		   First available logic interface is taken automatically for Solaris and Linux

	   'alias' Just a synonim for '+alias'

	   '-alias'
		   This function is used to remove IPv4 alias address from interface. It have to be called as

		     Ifconfig('-alias', $IfaceName, $Addr, '');

		   $IfaceName is an interface name as displayed by 'list' command

		   $Addr is an IPv4 address in the "AAA.AAA.AAA.AAA" notation

		   Netmask> parameter is ignored

		   The following actual "ifconfig" programs are called

		   FreeBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% -alias"

		   Solaris     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%:%Logic% down"

		   OpenBSD     "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% -alias"

		   Linux       "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface%:%Logic% down"

		   OS X        "/sbin/ifconfig %Iface% inet %Addr% -alias"

		   MSWin32     "DeleteIPAddress" function from "IpHlpAPI.DLL"

		   Appropriate logic interface is obtained automatically for Solaris and Linux

	   On success "Ifconfig(...)" returns the defined value.  Actually, it is a reference to the array contains the output of the actual
	   "ifconfig" program called.

	   In case of troubles "Ifconfig(...)" returns 'undef' value, $@ variable contains the error message.

   EXPORT
       None by default.

AUTHOR

       Daniel Podolsky, <tpaba@cpan.org>

SEE ALSO

       ifconfig(8), Internet Protocol Helper in Platform SDK.

perl v5.14.2							    2012-01-19					       Net::Ifconfig::Wrapper(3pm)
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