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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Silly newbie question on special characters! Post 302129813 by earnstaf on Wednesday 1st of August 2007 06:52:53 PM
Old 08-01-2007
Quote:
Originally Posted by charliemp3
Hello again Gurus,
Can someone please direct me to an online source that specifically explains what characters like [ ! # {} ] mean within if statements? or scripts in general, I have found information about the different letter options you can specify for an if statment, but I get really confused with the ! in front of a -f or particularly this if [ $# -lt 1 ] at the beginning of a script when there have been no variables set.

I've learned the basic purpose of an if statement and case statement sort of, but the special characters are somehow omitted from the sources I've been looking at.

Any source for dummies or idiots like myself would be great!

Thanks so much.

Charlie.Smilie
This is a pretty extensive list/explanation of special characters:
http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/special-chars.html

As for:
Code:
if [ $# -lt 1 ]

$# indicates the number of command line arguments, so it's saying if there is less than 1 do something (probably exit with a usage message.)
 

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HXCOPY(1)							  HTML-XML-utils							 HXCOPY(1)

NAME
hxcopy - copy an HTML file and update its relative links SYNOPSIS
hxcopy [ -i old-URL ] [ -o new-URL ] [ file-or-URL [ file-or-URL ] ] DESCRIPTION
The hxcopy command copies its first argument to its second argument, while updating relative links. The input is assumed to be HTML or XHTML and may be slightly reformatted in the process. If the second argument is omitted, hxcopy writes to standard output. In this case the option -o is required. If the first argument is also omitted, hxcopy reads from standard input. In this case the option -i is required. OPTIONS
The following options are supported: -i old-URL For the purposes of updating relative links, act as if old-URL is the location from which the input is copied. If this option is omitted, the actual location of the first argument is used for calculating relative links. -o new-URL For the purposed of updating relative links, act as if new-URL is the location to which the input is copied. If this option is omitted, the actual location of the second argument is used for calculating relative links. ENVIRONMENT
To use a proxy to retrieve remote files, set the environment variables http_proxy and ftp_proxy. E.g., http_proxy="http://localhost:8080/" BUGS
Unlike the last argument of cp(1), the last argument of hxcopy must be a file, not a directory. The second argument must be a local file. Writing to a URL is not yet implemented. To work around this, replace hxcopy file.html http://example.org/file.html by hxcopy -o http://example.org/file.html file.html tmp.html and then upload tmp.html to the given URL with some other command, such as curl(1). The first argument, however, may be a URL. hxcopy will download the given file. (Currently only HTTP is supported.) EXAMPLE
Assume the HTML file foo.html contains a relative link to "../bar.html". Here are some examples of commands: hxcopy foo.html bar/foo.html The file foo.html is copied to ../bar/foo.html and the relative link to "../bar.html" becomes "../../bar.html". hxcopy foo.html ../foo.html The file foo.html is copied to ../foo.html and the relative link to "../bar.html" is rewritten as "bar.html". hxcopy -i http://my.org/dir1/foo.html -o http://my.org/foo.html file1.html file2.html The file file1.html is copied to file2.html and the relative link to "../bar.html" is rewritten as "bar.html". A command like this may be useful to update files that are later uploaded to a server. SEE ALSO
cp(1), curl(1), hxwls(1) 6.x 9 Dec 2008 HXCOPY(1)
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