what is 2> and 1> and <<? Post: 302117365

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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting what is 2> and 1> and <<? Post 302117365 by cfajohnson on Sunday 13th of May 2007 07:02:26 PM

05-13-2007

Registered User

what is 2> and 1> and <<?

Quote:

Originally Posted by onthetopo

Too bad google didn't support symbol serach.
I wished to find explanations on them on google.

1> FILE redirect standard output (stdout) of a command to FILE
Example (the output of the command will be placed in the file, FILES; any error messages will appear on the screen):
Code:
ls [a-z]* 1> FILES
2> FILE redirect standard error (stderr) of a command to FILE
Example (the output of the command will appear on the screen; any error messages will be placed in the file, ERRORLOG):
Code:
ls qwerty asdfg 2> ERRORLOG
CMD <<EOF Use the following lines (known as a here document) as input to CMD. The here document ends with the second EOF on a line by itself.
Example (the lines between EOF and EOF command will appear on the screen):
Code:
cat <<EOF
This a test
of a here document
EOF

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itstool

ITSTOOL(1)						      General Commands Manual							ITSTOOL(1)

NAME

       itstool - convert between XML and PO using ITS

SYNOPSIS

       itstool [OPTIONS] [XMLFILES]
       itstool -m <MOFILE> [OPTIONS] [XMLFILES]

DESCRIPTION

       itstool	extracts  messages  from  XML files and outputs PO template files, then merges translations from MO files to create translated XML
       files. It determines what to translate and how to chunk it into messages using the W3C Internationalization Tag Set (ITS).

       To extract messages from XML files FILES and output them to OUT.pot:

       itstool -o OUT.pot FILES

       After merging with existing translations or translating strings, generate an MO file with msgfmt(1), then output translated  files  to  the
       directory DIR:

       itstool -m OUT.mo -o DIR FILES

       ITS  definitions  are  loaded  from  the  built-in  rules, rules embedded in the source XML files, files passed with the -i option, and ITS
       attributes in the source XML files. Later definitions take precedence.

OPTIONS

   Extracting
       -o FILE
       --out=FILE
	   output PO template to the file OUT

   Merging
       -m FILE
       --merge=FILE
	   merge from an MO file FILE and output XML files

       -l LANG
       --lang=LANG
	   explicitly set the language code output to XML

       -o FILE
       --out=FILE
	   output XML files in the directory OUT

   Common
       -i ITS
       --its=ITS
	   load the ITS rules in the file ITS (can specify multiple times)

AUTHOR

       Shaun McCance <shaunm@gnome.org>

SEE ALSO

       More documentation for itstool is maintained online. For more information, see:

	      http://itstool.org/documentation/

itstool 1.2.0							     May 2011								ITSTOOL(1)