kill(1) 						      General Commands Manual							   kill(1)

NAME

       kill - Sends a signal to a running process

SYNOPSIS

       kill -l	[exit_status]

       kill [-signal_name  | signal_number] process_ID...

       kill -s	signal_name process_ID...

									  Note

       The C shell has a built-in version of the kill command.	If you are using the C shell, and want to guarantee that you are using the command
       described here, you must specify the full path /usr/bin/kill.  See the csh(1) reference page for a description of the built-in command.

STANDARDS

       Interfaces documented on this reference page conform to industry standards as follows:

       kill:  XCU5.0

       Refer to the standards(5) reference page for more information about industry standards and associated tags.

OPTIONS

       The kill command supports the following options: Lists signal names.

	      If you specify an exit status (a numeric value) or the shell special parameter $?, which expands to the  exit  status  of  the  most
	      recent  pipeline,  kill  prints  the  name of the terminating signal.  Specifies the signal to send, using one of the symbolic names
	      defined for required signals or job control signals.  Values of signal_name are recognized in both uppercase or  lowercase  letters,
	      and without the SIG prefix.  The symbolic name 0 (zero), which represents the value 0 (zero), is also recognized.  The corresponding
	      signal is sent instead of SIGTERM.  Specifies the signal to send to the process.	You can specify either a name, stripped of the SIG
	      prefix (such as KILL), or a number (such as 9).  For information about signal names and numbers, see the sigaction() system call.

OPERANDS

       A process identification number

	      [Tru64  UNIX]  There  are  several special process identification numbers (PIDs) that you can specify to cause the following special
	      actions: The signal is sent to all processes having a process group ID equal to the process group ID of  the  sender,  except  those
	      with  a  process ID of 0 (zero) and the process ID of the init process.  If the effective user ID of the sender is not 0 (root), the
	      signal is sent to all processes with a process group ID equal to the effective user ID of the sender, except those with a process ID
	      of 0 (zero) and the process ID of the init process.

	      If  the  effective user ID of the sender is 0 (root), the signal is sent to all processes, except the process ID of 0 (zero) and the
	      process ID of the init process.  The signal is sent to all processes whose process group number is equal to the  absolute  value	of
	      PID.   Note that when you specify any negative PID, you must also specify the signal to be sent, even the default signal SIGTERM.  A
	      decimal integer specifying a signal number or the exit status of a process terminated by a signal.

DESCRIPTION

       The kill command sends a signal to one or more running processes.  The default is the SIGTERM signal (signal number 15), which usually ter-
       minates processes that do not ignore or catch the signal.

       You  identify  the  process to be signaled by specifying its process identification number (also known as the process ID or PID). The shell
       displays the PID of each process that is running in the background or, if you start more than one process in a pipeline, the shell displays
       the number of the last process.	You can also use the ps command to display PIDs.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  The name of the kill command is misleading because many signals, including SIGUSR1, do not terminate processes.

       [Tru64  UNIX]  Unless  you are operating with superuser privileges, the process you wish to signal must belong to you.  When operating with
       superuser authority, you can signal any process.

       [Tru64 UNIX]  See the kill() system call for a complete discussion of kill.  Note that the csh command contains a built-in subcommand named
       kill, but the command and subcommand do not necessarily work in the same way.  For information on the subcommand, see csh.

NOTES

       Some  applications  and	scripts  depend  on the process ID of the init program being 1 (one):  do not depend on it.  Instead, use standard
       methods, such as the ps and grep commands, to obtain all process IDs.

EXIT STATUS

       The following exit values are returned: At least one matching process was found, and the specified signal was successfully processed for at
       least one matching process.  An error occurred.

EXAMPLES

       The following command terminates the process with the specified PID: kill 1095

	      This  command terminates process 1095 by sending it the default SIGTERM signal.  Note that process 1095 might not actually terminate
	      if it has made special arrangements to ignore or catch the SIGTERM signal.  The following command terminates several processes  that
	      ignore the default signal: kill -KILL 17285 15692

	      This command sends SIGKILL to processes 17285 and 15692. The SIGKILL signal usually cannot be ignored or caught.	The following com-
	      mand terminates all of your background processes: kill 0

	      This command sends the SIGTERM signal to all members of the shell process group. This includes all background processes started with
	      &.  Although  the signal is sent to the shell, it has no effect because the shell ignores the default signal 15.	The following com-
	      mand terminates all of your processes and logs you out: kill -KILL 0

	      This command sends SIGKILL to all members of the shell process group.  Because the shell cannot ignore SIGKILL, this also terminates
	      the login shell and logs you out. If you are using multiple windows, this closes the active window.  The following command terminate
	      all the processes that you own: kill -KILL -1

	      This command sends SIGKILL to all the processes that you own, even those that belong to other process groups.  If you are using mul-
	      tiple windows, this command closes all the windows.  The following command sends a specific signal to a specific process: kill -USR1
	      1103

	      This command sends the SIGUSR1 signal to process 1103.  The action taken on the SIGUSR1 signal is defined by the particular applica-
	      tion you are running.  The following command lists the signal names in numerical order, stripped of the SIG prefix: kill -l

	       1) HUP		13) PIPE	  25) XFSZ	    37) RTMIN+4
	       2) INT		14) ALRM	  26) VTALRM	    38) RTMIN+5
	       3) QUIT		15) TERM	  27) PROF	    39) RTMIN+6
	       4) ILL		16) URG 	  28) WINCH	    40) RTMIN+7
	       5) TRAP		17) STOP	  29) PWR	    41) RTMAX-7
	       6) LOST		18) TSTP	  30) USR1	    42) RTMAX-6
	       7) EMT		19) CONT	  31) USR2	    43) RTMAX-5
	       8) FPE		20) CHLD	  32) RESV	    44) RTMAX-4
	       9)  KILL 	 21) TTIN	   33) RTMIN	     45) RTMAX-3 10) BUS	   22) TTOU	     34) RTMIN+1       46) RTMAX-2
	      11) SEGV		23) POLL	  35) RTMIN+2	    47) RTMAX-1 12) SYS 	  24) XCPU	    36) RTMIN+3       48) RTMAX

	      The command output can vary from system to system.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES

       The following environment variables affect the execution of kill: Provides a default value for the internationalization variables that  are
       unset or null. If LANG is unset or null, the corresponding value from the default locale is used.  If any of the internationalization vari-
       ables contain an invalid setting, the utility behaves as if none of the variables had been defined.  If set to a  non-empty  string  value,
       overrides  the  values of all the other internationalization variables.	Determines the locale for the interpretation of sequences of bytes
       of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to multibyte characters in arguments).  Determines the locale for the  for-
       mat  and  contents  of  diagnostic messages written to standard error.  Determines the location of message catalogues for the processing of
       LC_MESSAGES.

FILES

       Specifies signal names.

SEE ALSO

       Commands:  csh(1), killall(8), ksh(1), ps(1), Bourne shell sh(1b), POSIX shell sh(1p)

       Functions:  kill(2), sigaction(2)

       Standards:  standards(5)

																	   kill(1)