07-18-2002
2) That is interesting! I always thought that the kernel waited for the accept() to establish a connection. Just goes to show that I don't know everything.
5) The port has an open socket associated with it. And the kernel know which port goes to which socket. The TCP/IP code has the job of making the data available to the socket.
6) If the process is using O-NONBLOCK (or equivalent) as yours is, the kernel does nothing. The hope is that the process will eventually decide to issue the accept() or the read() or whatever. If the process has blocked waiting for for data on the socket, it will be "awoken" when data arrives. This will put it on the run queue. And when a cpu runs it, the system call will finally complete.
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LEARN ABOUT ULTRIX
accept
accept(2) System Calls Manual accept(2)
Name
accept - accept a connection on a socket
Syntax
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
accept(s, addr, addrlen)
int ns, s;
struct sockaddr *addr;
int *addrlen;
Description
The system call accepts a connection on a socket. The argument s is a socket that has been created with the call, bound to an address with
the call and is listening for connections after a call. The system call extracts the first connection on the queue of pending connections,
creates a new socket with the same properties of s and allocates a new file descriptor, ns, for the socket. If no pending connections are
present on the queue, and the socket is not marked as nonblocking, blocks the caller until a connection is present. If the socket is
marked nonblocking and no pending connections are present on the queue, returns an error. The accepted socket, ns, cannot be used to
accept more connections. The original socket s remains open.
The argument addr is a result parameter that is filled in with the address of the connecting entity, as known to the communications layer.
The exact format of the addr parameter is determined by the domain in which the communication is occurring. The addrlen is a value-result
parameter; it should initially contain the amount of space pointed to by addr. On return, addr contains the actual length in bytes of the
address returned. This call is used with connection-based socket types, currently with SOCK_STREAM.
You can use the call for the purposes of doing an call by selecting the socket for reading.
Return Values
The call returns -1 on error. If the call succeeds, it returns a non-negative integer which is a descriptor for the accepted socket.
Diagnostics
The call fails if:
[EBADF] The descriptor is invalid.
[ENOTSOCK] The descriptor references a file, not a socket.
[EOPNOTSUPP] The referenced socket is not of type SOCK_STREAM.
[EFAULT] The addr parameter is not in a writable part of the user address space.
[EWOULDBLOCK] The socket is marked nonblocking and no connections are present to be accepted.
See Also
bind(2), connect(2), listen(2), select(2), socket(2)
accept(2)