Downloading show garbage on the screen Post: 302853505

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LEARN ABOUT PHP

header

HEADER(3)								 1								 HEADER(3)

header - Send a raw HTTP header

SYNOPSIS

       void header (string  $string, [bool  $replace = true], [int  $http_response_code])

DESCRIPTION

       header(3) is used to send a raw HTTP header. See the HTTP/1.1 specification for more information on HTTP headers.

	Remember  that	header(3) must be called before any actual output is sent, either by normal HTML tags, blank lines in a file, or from PHP.
       It is a very common error to read code with include(3), or require(3), functions, or another file access function, and have spaces or empty
       lines that are output before header(3) is called. The same problem exists when using a single PHP/HTML file.

       <html>
       <?php
       /* This will give an error. Note the output
	* above, which is before the header() call */
       header('Location: http://www.example.com/');
       exit;
       ?>

PARAMETERS

	      o $string
		- The header string.  There are two special-case header calls. The first is a header that starts with the string " HTTP/" (case is
		not significant), which will be used to figure out the HTTP status code to send. For example, if you have configured Apache to use
		a  PHP script to handle requests for missing files (using the ErrorDocument directive), you may want to make sure that your script
		generates the proper status code.

	      <?php
	      header("HTTP/1.0 404 Not Found");
	      ?>
	      REDIRECT (302) status code to the browser unless the 201 or a 3xx status code has already been set.

	      <?php
	      header("Location: http://www.example.com/"); /* Redirect browser */

	      /* Make sure that code below does not get executed when we redirect. */
	      exit;
	      ?>

	      o $replace
		- The optional $replace parameter indicates whether the header should replace a previous similar header, or add a second header of
		the  same  type. By default it will replace, but if you pass in FALSE as the second argument you can force multiple headers of the
		same type. For example:

	      <?php
	      header('WWW-Authenticate: Negotiate');
	      header('WWW-Authenticate: NTLM', false);
	      ?>

	      o $http_response_code
		- Forces the HTTP response code to the specified value. Note that this parameter only has an effect if the $string is not empty.

RETURN VALUES

	No value is returned.

CHANGELOG

       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
       |Version |						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|		     Description		    |
       |	|						    |
       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
       | 5.1.2	|						    |
       |	|						    |
       |	|  This function now prevents more than one  header |
       |	| to be sent at once as a protection against header |
       |	| injection attacks.				    |
       |	|						    |
       +--------+---------------------------------------------------+
EXAMPLES

       Example #1

	      Download dialog

	       If you want the user to be prompted to save the data you are sending, such as a generated PDF file, you can use the  Content-Dispo-
	      sition header to supply a recommended filename and force the browser to display the save dialog.

	      <?php
	      // We'll be outputting a PDF
	      header('Content-Type: application/pdf');

	      // It will be called downloaded.pdf
	      header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="downloaded.pdf"');

	      // The PDF source is in original.pdf
	      readfile('original.pdf');
	      ?>

       Example #2

	      Caching directives

	       PHP scripts often generate dynamic content that must not be cached by the client browser or any proxy caches between the server and
	      the client browser. Many proxies and clients can be forced to disable caching with:

	      <?php
	      header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); // HTTP/1.1
	      header("Expires: Sat, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT"); // Date in the past
	      ?>

	      Note

		      You may find that your pages aren't cached even if you don't output all of the headers above. There are a number of  options
		     that  users  may be able to set for their browser that change its default caching behavior. By sending the headers above, you
		     should override any settings that may otherwise cause the output of your script to be cached.

		      Additionally, session_cache_limiter(3) and the session.cache_limiter configuration setting can be used to automatically gen-
		     erate the correct caching-related headers when sessions are being used.

NOTES

       Note

	       Headers will only be accessible and output when a SAPI that supports them is in use.

       Note

	       You  can  use output buffering to get around this problem, with the overhead of all of your output to the browser being buffered in
	      the server until you send it. You can do this by calling ob_start(3) and	ob_end_flush(3)  in  your  script,  or	setting  the  out-
	      put_buffering configuration directive on in your php.ini or server configuration files.

       Note

	       The HTTP status header line will always be the first sent to the client, regardless of the actual header(3) call being the first or
	      not. The status may be overridden by calling header(3) with a new status line at any time unless the HTTP headers have already  been
	      sent.

       Note

	       There  is a bug in Microsoft Internet Explorer 4.01 that prevents this from working. There is no workaround. There is also a bug in
	      Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.5 that interferes with this, which can be resolved by upgrading to Service Pack 2 or later.

       Note

	       If safe mode is enabled the uid of the script is added to the realm part of the WWW-Authenticate header	if  you  set  this  header
	      (used for HTTP Authentication).

       Note

	       HTTP/1.1  requires  an  absolute  URI  as  argument to Location: including the scheme, hostname and absolute path, but some clients
	      accept relative URIs. You can usually use $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'], $_SERVER['PHP_SELF'] and dirname(3) to make an absolute URI from  a
	      relative one yourself:

	      <?php
	      /* Redirect to a different page in the current directory that was requested */
	      $host  = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
	      $uri   = rtrim(dirname($_SERVER['PHP_SELF']), '/\');
	      $extra = 'mypage.php';
	      header("Location: http://$host$uri/$extra");
	      exit;
	      ?>

       Note

	       Session	ID  is not passed with Location header even if session.use_trans_sid is enabled. It must by passed manually using SID con-
	      stant.

SEE ALSO

       headers_sent(3), setcookie(3), http_response_code(3),  The section on HTTP authentication.

PHP Documentation Group 														 HEADER(3)