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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Ls help: ls not working with start character search (^) Post 302786499 by Don Cragun on Wednesday 27th of March 2013 03:00:11 PM
Old 03-27-2013
Quote:
Originally Posted by rveri
... ... ...

Don thanks for pointing out the difference of use when "shell uses filename pattern matching" & when "Regular expression uses pattern matching".
Is there a way we can figure out which is shell doing, and which is doing by regular expressions.


For example with the below example: How to figure out which portion is shell or regex performing the operation:

Code:
# ls -l bbcbbc
-rw-------   1 useradm    users            0 Mar 26 15:27 bbcbbc


# ls -l !([c-z])?[c][b][b][b-d]
-rw-------   1 useradm    users            0 Mar 26 15:27 bbcbbc


echo $SHELL
/usr/bin/ksh
#OS= hp-ux 11.23


Thanks..
In general, the answer is to read the man pages. But as a high altitude first cut, any unquoted argument passed to the shell that is not a parameter expansion (i.e., $name or ${...name...} that is not part of a shell command lanuage construct (e.g., if, then, else, fi, case, esac, ...) will be subject to pathname expansion.
This User Gave Thanks to Don Cragun For This Post:
 

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FNMATCH(3)								 1								FNMATCH(3)

fnmatch - Match filename against a pattern

SYNOPSIS
bool fnmatch (string $pattern, string $string, [int $flags]) DESCRIPTION
fnmatch(3) checks if the passed $string would match the given shell wildcard $pattern. PARAMETERS
o $pattern - The shell wildcard pattern. o $string - The tested string. This function is especially useful for filenames, but may also be used on regular strings. The average user may be used to shell patterns or at least in their simplest form to '?' and '*' wildcards so using fnmatch(3) instead of preg_match(3) for frontend search expression input may be way more convenient for non-programming users. o $flags - The value of $flags can be any combination of the following flags, joined with the binary OR (|) operator. A list of possible flags for fnmatch(3) +-------------+---------------------------------------------------+ | $Flag | | | | | | | Description | | | | +-------------+---------------------------------------------------+ | | | |FNM_NOESCAPE | | | | | | | Disable backslash escaping. | | | | | | | |FNM_PATHNAME | | | | | | | Slash in string only matches slash in the given | | | pattern. | | | | | | | | FNM_PERIOD | | | | | | | Leading period in string must be exactly matched | | | by period in the given pattern. | | | | | | | |FNM_CASEFOLD | | | | | | | Caseless match. Part of the GNU extension. | | | | +-------------+---------------------------------------------------+ RETURN VALUES
Returns TRUE if there is a match, FALSE otherwise. CHANGELOG
+--------+---------------------------------------------------+ |Version | | | | | | | Description | | | | +--------+---------------------------------------------------+ | 5.3.0 | | | | | | | This function is now available on Windows plat- | | | forms. | | | | +--------+---------------------------------------------------+ EXAMPLES
Example #1 Checking a color name against a shell wildcard pattern <?php if (fnmatch("*gr[ae]y", $color)) { echo "some form of gray ..."; } ?> NOTES
Warning For now, this function is not available on non-POSIX compliant systems except Windows. SEE ALSO
glob(3), preg_match(3), sscanf(3), printf(3), sprintf(3). PHP Documentation Group FNMATCH(3)
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