I also need some quoting help. I tracked my problem down in a simple example.
I have a grep that is working if typed at the shell prompt (it is important for me to have a space in the character class):
Code:
grep -E '[a-zA-Z ]{30}:' myFile
But included in a script file (lets say file 'runMe') like the following:
Code:
#!/bin/ksh
typeset pattern='[a-zA-Z ]{30}:'
echo "Command to be executed: grep -E $pattern myFile"
grep -E $pattern myFile
Executing the file 'runMe', I get the following error: grep: RE error in '[a-zA-Z [ ] imbalance or syntax error
I googled/searched here for the error and for quoting or inserting something else which recognizes a space character, but with no success yet.
Also I tried various quotings in runMe, like "'[a-zA-Z ]{30}:'" or "\"[a-zA-Z ]{30}:\"" or quoting the space character like "[a-zA-Z ]{30}:" but all lead to the same error message. Seems like it is breaking at the space?
Curious for me:
If I execute the script and copy the line which is printed by the 'echo' statement and paste this line at the command prompt, that works! It just doesn't work within the script...
Maybe this not the adequate topic, because its more a grep issue than a quoting issue. If so, please be patient with me
FYI:
I'm relatively new to unix.
In 'myFile', I want to (simplified for this issue) match lines, that have the first 30 characters being (a letter or a space), followed by a colon.
I've aliased grep to /usr/xpg4/bin/grep (and also tried /usr/xpg4/bin/grep manually without alias).
thanks in advance for any hints, Thinkpositiv
Last edited by Thinkpositiv; 04-29-2008 at 11:32 AM..
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Discussion started by: AMG1978
2 Replies
LEARN ABOUT SUNOS
fgrep
fgrep(1) User Commands fgrep(1)NAME
fgrep - search a file for a fixed-character string
SYNOPSIS
/usr/bin/fgrep [-bchilnsvx] [-e pattern_list] [-f pattern-file] [pattern] [file...]
/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep [-bchilnsvx] [-e pattern_list] [-f pattern-file] [pattern] [file...]
DESCRIPTION
The fgrep (fast grep) utility searches files for a character string and prints all lines that contain that string. fgrep is different from
grep(1) and from egrep(1) because it searches for a string, instead of searching for a pattern that matches an expression. fgrep uses a
fast and compact algorithm.
The characters $, *, [, ^, |, (, ), and are interpreted literally by fgrep, that is, fgrep does not recognize full regular expressions as
does egrep. These characters have special meaning to the shell. Therefore, to be safe, enclose the entire string within single quotes (').
If no files are specified, fgrep assumes standard input. Normally, each line that is found is copied to the standard output. The file name
is printed before each line that is found if there is more than one input file.
OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-b Precedes each line by the block number on which the line was found. This can be useful in locating block numbers by con-
text. The first block is 0.
-c Prints only a count of the lines that contain the pattern.
-e pattern_list Searches for a string in pattern-list. This is useful when the string begins with a -.
-f pattern-file Takes the list of patterns from pattern-file.
-h Suppresses printing of files when searching multiple files.
-i Ignores upper/lower case distinction during comparisons.
-l Prints the names of files with matching lines once, separated by new-lines. Does not repeat the names of files when the
pattern is found more than once.
-n Precedes each line by its line number in the file. The first line is 1.
-s Works silently, that is, displays nothing except error messages. This is useful for checking the error status.
-v Prints all lines except those that contain the pattern.
-x Prints only lines that are matched entirely.
OPERANDS
The following operands are supported:
file Specifies a path name of a file to be searched for the patterns. If no file operands are specified, the standard input will
be used.
/usr/bin/fgrep
pattern Specifies a pattern to be used during the search for input.
/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep
pattern Specifies one or more patterns to be used during the search for input. This operand is treated as if it were specified as
-e pattern_list.
USAGE
See largefile(5) for the description of the behavior of fgrep when encountering files greater than or equal to 2 Gbyte ( 2**31 bytes).
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See environ(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables that affect the execution of fgrep: LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MES-
SAGES, and NLSPATH.
EXIT STATUS
The following exit values are returned:
0 If any matches are found
1 If no matches are found
2 For syntax errors or inaccessible files, even if matches were found.
ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
/usr/bin/fgrep
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|Availability |SUNWcsu |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
| ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|Availability |SUNWxcu4 |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
|CSI |Enabled |
+-----------------------------+-----------------------------+
SEE ALSO ed(1), egrep(1), grep(1), sed(1), sh(1), attributes(5), environ(5), largefile(5), XPG4(5)NOTES
Ideally, there should be only one grep command, but there is not a single algorithm that spans a wide enough range of space-time tradeoffs.
Lines are limited only by the size of the available virtual memory.
/usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep
The /usr/xpg4/bin/fgrep utility is identical to /usr/xpg4/bin/grep -F (see grep(1)). Portable applications should use /usr/xpg4/bin/grep
-F.
SunOS 5.10 4 Oct 2002 fgrep(1)
04-29-2008
