How to get the path of a file in UNIX?

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chdir

chdir(2)							System Calls Manual							  chdir(2)

Name
       chdir - change working directory

Syntax
       chdir(path)
       char *path;

Description
       The  path  is  the  pathname  of  a directory.  The system call causes this directory to become the current working directory, which is the
       starting point for pathnames that do not begin at the root directory (/).

       For a directory to become the current directory, the process must have execute (search) access to the directory.

Return Values
       Upon successful completion, a value of 0 is returned.  Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned and errno is set to indicate the error.

Environment
       Differs from the System V definition in that ELOOP is a possible error condition.

Diagnostics
       The system call fails and the current working directory is unchanged under the following conditions:

       [ENOTDIR]      A component of the pathname is not a directory.

       [ENAMETOOLONG] A component of a pathname exceeds 255 characters, or an entire path name exceeds 1023 characters.

       [ENOENT]       The named directory does not exist or the path points to an empty string and  the  environment  defined  is  POSIX  or  SYS-
		      TEM_FIVE.

       [EACCES]       Search permission is denied for any component of the path name.

       [EFAULT]       The path points outside the process's allocated address space.

       [ELOOP]	      Too many symbolic links were encountered in translating the pathname.

       [EIO]	      An I/O error occurred while reading from or writing to the file system.

       [ESTALE]       The  file  handle  given in the argument was invalid.  The file referred to by that file handle no longer exists or has been
		      revoked.

       [ETIMEDOUT]    A connect request or remote file operation failed because the connected party did not properly respond  after  a	period	of
		      time that is dependent on the communications protocol.

See Also
       chroot(2)

																	  chdir(2)

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