What Does Happen During Boot Process? - BIOS and MBR


 
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Old 12-11-2009
What Does Happen During Boot Process? - BIOS and MBR

I'm talking about boot process in multi-boot Linux perceptive.

Please tell me whether my explanation is right or wrong? If wrong, please explain.

"The BIOS checks the system and loads this initial bootstrapping code into
memory. This initial bootstrap code searches for an active partition and looks for a first sector of that active partition.

After that, bootstrap code gets whatever boot code (usually GRUB Stage 1) in the VBR and loads it in memory, so GRUB Stage 1 in this case overrides the MBR initial bootstrap that's in memory.

Once GRUB Stage 1 is in memory, it takes GRUB Stage 2 from /boot/ and loads it memory. Thus, GRUB Stage 2 overrides the GRUB Stage 1.

Now once GRUB Stage 2 is in memory, it presents an interface where the user
can select which OS to boot.

Once OS is selected, the GRUB stage 2 loads the selected Kernel into Memory, so the chosen OS Kernel overrides GRUB Stage 2.

Now this Kernel has the control and finishes the process.
"

Thanks!
 
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UEFI(8) 						    BSD System Manager's Manual 						   UEFI(8)

NAME
UEFI -- Unified Extensible Firmware Interface bootstrapping procedures DESCRIPTION
The UEFI Unified Extensible Firmware Interface provides boot- and run-time services to operating systems. UEFI is a replacement for the legacy BIOS on the i386 and amd64 CPU architectures, and is also used on arm64 and ia64. The UEFI boot process loads system bootstrap code located in an EFI System Partition (ESP). The ESP is a GPT or MBR partition with a spe- cific identifier that contains an msdosfs(5) FAT file system with a specified file hierarchy. Partition Scheme ESP Identifier GPT C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B MBR 0xEF The UEFI boot process proceeds as follows: 1. UEFI firmware runs at power up and searches for an OS loader in the EFI system partition. The path to the loader may be set by an EFI environment variable. If not set, the default is /EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI. The default UEFI boot configuration for FreeBSD installs boot1.efi as /EFI/BOOT/BOOTX64.EFI. 2. boot1.efi locates the first partition with the type freebsd-ufs, and from it loads loader.efi. 3. loader.efi loads and boots the kernel, as described in loader(8). The vt(4) system console is automatically selected when booting via UEFI. FILES
/boot/boot1.efi First stage UEFI bootstrap /boot/boot1.efifat msdosfs(5) FAT file system image containing boot1.efi for use by bsdinstall(8) and the bootcode argument to gpart(8). /boot/loader.efi Final stage bootstrap /boot/kernel/kernel default kernel /boot/kernel.old/kernel typical non-default kernel (optional) SEE ALSO
vt(4), msdosfs(5), boot(8), gpart(8) HISTORY
UEFI boot support first appeared in FreeBSD 10.1. AUTHORS
UEFI boot support was developed by Benno Rice <benno@FreeBSD.org>, Ed Maste <emaste@FreeBSD.org>, and Nathan Whitehorn <nwhitehorn@FreeBSD.org>. The FreeBSD Foundation sponsored portions of the work. CAVEATS
EFI environment variables are not supported by loader(8) or the kernel. boot1.efi loads loader.efi from the first FreeBSD-UFS file system it locates, even if it is on a different disk. boot1.efi cannot load loader.efi from a ZFS(8) file system. As a result, UEFI does not support a typical root file system on ZFS configura- tion. BSD
October 17, 2014 BSD