9 More Discussions You Might Find Interesting
1. Linux
Hi,
I have an issue with the line breaks in the mail spool- /var/mail/user1. I have set up a script to go through the mail spool on one of the users and parse some parts of the mail, however there doesn't seem to exist the regular line endings CR, LF or both in the lines and this is breaking my... (4 Replies)
Discussion started by: night_watcher
4 Replies
2. Shell Programming and Scripting
Heyas
I'm trying to read/display a file its content and put borders around it (tui-cat / tui-cat -t(ypwriter).
The typewriter-part is a 'bonus' but still has its own flaws, but thats for later.
So in some way, i'm trying to rewrite cat using bash and other commands.
But sadly it fails on... (2 Replies)
Discussion started by: sea
2 Replies
3. HP-UX
Dear Concern,
When we using @ sign, line breaks for a particular user in shell. Please advise how to resolve from the problem in HP UX.
tabs@tabsdb02:/ccbs/users/tabs$ cat /etc/passwd|grep tabs
tabs:RdCgOsmKee7Ps:221:201::/ccbs/users/tabs:/usr/bin/ksh... (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: makauser
3 Replies
4. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers
Hi All,
Need an urgent solution to an issue . We have created a ksh file or shell script which generates 1 DAT file. the DAT file contains extract of a select statement .
Now the issue is , when we are executing the ksh file , the output is coimng with page breaks and line breaks .
We have... (4 Replies)
Discussion started by: Ayaskant
4 Replies
5. Programming
Hello,
I want to keep line spaces in comments but clean more then 2 after each.
Example:
$sentence="This is my first sentence
This will be in a new row
This will be too in a new row but not separated with 3line breaks just with
one
";
And i want to... (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: AimyThomas
1 Replies
6. Shell Programming and Scripting
I need to remove all line breaks in a document after a match, until there is a blank line.
Example below, after the match "THE GREEN TABLE" remove line breaks until a blank line. Then, after the match "THE BLUE TABLE" do the same.
Before:
THE GREEN TABLE
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet,... (14 Replies)
Discussion started by: dockline
14 Replies
7. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hi everyone,
I have gone through the forum trying to find an answer to this question but was unsuccessful. I am hoping that someone can help me with this please.
I am trying to get my script to recognise line breaks from a file and to give me a result for wc of each line. So basically, if you... (7 Replies)
Discussion started by: stargazerr
7 Replies
8. Shell Programming and Scripting
Hi,
I got some log files which print the whole xml message in separate lines:
e.g.
2008-10-01 14:21:44,561 INFO do something
2008-10-01 14:21:44,561 INFO print xml : <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<a>
<b>my data</b>
</a>
2008-10-01 14:21:44,563 INFO do something again
I want... (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: csmklee
3 Replies
9. UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers
I hope this makes sense, but I need help with what is indicated with %%, below :
A.) ####List active servers and send to file####
# ps -ef | grep jboss | grep sh | awk '{if ($14) {print $12;}else {print $11}}' | sort > /export/home/kthatch/script_results
client302
client306
client309... (1 Reply)
Discussion started by: kthatch
1 Replies
A2P(1) Perl Programmers Reference Guide A2P(1)
NAME
a2p - Awk to Perl translator
SYNOPSIS
a2p [options] [filename]
DESCRIPTION
A2p takes an awk script specified on the command line (or from standard input) and produces a comparable perl script on the standard
output.
OPTIONS
Options include:
-D<number>
sets debugging flags.
-F<character>
tells a2p that this awk script is always invoked with this -F switch.
-n<fieldlist>
specifies the names of the input fields if input does not have to be split into an array. If you were translating an awk script that
processes the password file, you might say:
a2p -7 -nlogin.password.uid.gid.gcos.shell.home
Any delimiter can be used to separate the field names.
-<number>
causes a2p to assume that input will always have that many fields.
-o tells a2p to use old awk behavior. The only current differences are:
o Old awk always has a line loop, even if there are no line actions, whereas new awk does not.
o In old awk, sprintf is extremely greedy about its arguments. For example, given the statement
print sprintf(some_args), extra_args;
old awk considers extra_args to be arguments to "sprintf"; new awk considers them arguments to "print".
"Considerations"
A2p cannot do as good a job translating as a human would, but it usually does pretty well. There are some areas where you may want to
examine the perl script produced and tweak it some. Here are some of them, in no particular order.
There is an awk idiom of putting int() around a string expression to force numeric interpretation, even though the argument is always
integer anyway. This is generally unneeded in perl, but a2p can't tell if the argument is always going to be integer, so it leaves it in.
You may wish to remove it.
Perl differentiates numeric comparison from string comparison. Awk has one operator for both that decides at run time which comparison to
do. A2p does not try to do a complete job of awk emulation at this point. Instead it guesses which one you want. It's almost always
right, but it can be spoofed. All such guesses are marked with the comment ""#???"". You should go through and check them. You might
want to run at least once with the -w switch to perl, which will warn you if you use == where you should have used eq.
Perl does not attempt to emulate the behavior of awk in which nonexistent array elements spring into existence simply by being referenced.
If somehow you are relying on this mechanism to create null entries for a subsequent for...in, they won't be there in perl.
If a2p makes a split line that assigns to a list of variables that looks like (Fld1, Fld2, Fld3...) you may want to rerun a2p using the -n
option mentioned above. This will let you name the fields throughout the script. If it splits to an array instead, the script is probably
referring to the number of fields somewhere.
The exit statement in awk doesn't necessarily exit; it goes to the END block if there is one. Awk scripts that do contortions within the
END block to bypass the block under such circumstances can be simplified by removing the conditional in the END block and just exiting
directly from the perl script.
Perl has two kinds of array, numerically-indexed and associative. Perl associative arrays are called "hashes". Awk arrays are usually
translated to hashes, but if you happen to know that the index is always going to be numeric you could change the {...} to [...].
Iteration over a hash is done using the keys() function, but iteration over an array is NOT. You might need to modify any loop that
iterates over such an array.
Awk starts by assuming OFMT has the value %.6g. Perl starts by assuming its equivalent, $#, to have the value %.20g. You'll want to set
$# explicitly if you use the default value of OFMT.
Near the top of the line loop will be the split operation that is implicit in the awk script. There are times when you can move this down
past some conditionals that test the entire record so that the split is not done as often.
For aesthetic reasons you may wish to change index variables from being 1-based (awk style) to 0-based (Perl style). Be sure to change all
operations the variable is involved in to match.
Cute comments that say "# Here is a workaround because awk is dumb" are passed through unmodified.
Awk scripts are often embedded in a shell script that pipes stuff into and out of awk. Often the shell script wrapper can be incorporated
into the perl script, since perl can start up pipes into and out of itself, and can do other things that awk can't do by itself.
Scripts that refer to the special variables RSTART and RLENGTH can often be simplified by referring to the variables $`, $& and $', as long
as they are within the scope of the pattern match that sets them.
The produced perl script may have subroutines defined to deal with awk's semantics regarding getline and print. Since a2p usually picks
correctness over efficiency. it is almost always possible to rewrite such code to be more efficient by discarding the semantic sugar.
For efficiency, you may wish to remove the keyword from any return statement that is the last statement executed in a subroutine. A2p
catches the most common case, but doesn't analyze embedded blocks for subtler cases.
ARGV[0] translates to $ARGV0, but ARGV[n] translates to $ARGV[$n-1]. A loop that tries to iterate over ARGV[0] won't find it.
ENVIRONMENT
A2p uses no environment variables.
AUTHOR
Larry Wall <larry@wall.org>
FILES
SEE ALSO
perl The perl compiler/interpreter
s2p sed to perl translator
DIAGNOSTICS
BUGS
It would be possible to emulate awk's behavior in selecting string versus numeric operations at run time by inspection of the operands, but
it would be gross and inefficient. Besides, a2p almost always guesses right.
Storage for the awk syntax tree is currently static, and can run out.
perl v5.16.2 2012-08-26 A2P(1)