UNIX for Advanced & Expert Users

#!/usr/bin/env ksh

# @(#) s1       Demonstrate ksh, pdksh builtins, echo -n.

echo
echo "(Versions displayed with local utility \"version\")"
version && version ksh

echo
echo " This process is:"
ps | grep $$

do_cmd()
{
  echo
  CMD="$1"
  if ! command -v $CMD >/dev/null
  then
    echo " Command $CMD not found."
        return 1
  else
    command -V $CMD
        if ! builtin $CMD
        then
          echo " Command \"$CMD\" is not a builtin."
        fi
  fi
  shift
  builtin $CMD $*
}

do_cmd junk trash
do_cmd cat /dev/null
do_cmd print " Hello, world from ksh builtin \"print\""
do_cmd echo " Hello, world from ksh builtin \"echo\""

echo
echo " Testing echo -n:"
echo -n " No newline, "
echo -n " not here, either, "
echo -n " and certainly not here, "
echo " but here is one."

exit 0

% ./s1

(Versions displayed with local utility "version")
pdksh 5.2.14 99/07/13.2

 This process is:
19561 pts/2    00:00:00 ksh

 Command junk not found.

cat is a tracked alias for /bin/cat
./s1[33]: builtin: cat: not a builtin

print is a shell builtin

Hello, world from ksh builtin "print"

echo is a shell builtin

Hello, world from ksh builtin "echo"

 Testing echo -n:
 No newline,  not here, either,  and certainly not here,  but here is one.