Using color in scripts


 
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Operating Systems Linux Ubuntu Using color in scripts
# 1  
Old 04-10-2019
Using color in scripts

This is supposed to colorize.

But it outputs this

Code:
3[0;32mFile exists.3[0m

Code:
GREEN='3[0;32m'
RED='3[0;31m'
WHITE='3[0;37m'
RESET='3[0m'
FILE="/usr/share/sounds/My_Sounds/Short_doorbell.wav"

if [ -f "$FILE" ];
then
     echo -e "${GREEN}File exists.${RESET}"
else
     echo -e "${RED}File does NOT exist.${RESET}"
     
fi

# 2  
Old 04-10-2019
Hi drew77...
Code:
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
WHITE='\033[0;37m'
RESET='\033[0m'

These 2 Users Gave Thanks to wisecracker For This Post:
# 3  
Old 04-10-2019
Expanding a little on what wisecracker has already said....

It looks like you are trying to use ANSI terminal escape codes, but they start with an <escape> character; not with the character <3>. Furthermore, you haven't told us what shell you're using and the behavior of echo -e varies considerably from shell to shell, from operating system to operating system, and even if you use the same shell on multiple systems, the behavior of echo -e may vary even when echo is a built-in utility within a given shell.

Using printf avoids the various behaviors of echo and the changes to your color introducing variables can be fixed by replacing the leading 3 with \033 (i.e., the ASCII escape character). In bash you can replace the \033 with \e. In ksh93 you can replace the \033 with either \e or \E. These uses of \e and \E can be used to reference the <escape> character even when you're using those shells on a mainframe that uses EBCDIC instead of an ASCII based codeset. (But you probably won't find terminals that accept ANSI terminal escape codes on a mainframe.)

Note also that it is usually considered to be bad form to write these escape sequences into a file unless the file is associated with a terminal device. For example, on systems where you can tell the ls utility to use various colors to indicate various types of files, it only does that when standard output is directed to a terminal device file. If you redirect the output of ls to a regular file, it won't output the escape sequences to produce those colors.

Code:
GREEN='\033[0;32m'
RED='\033[0;31m'
WHITE='\033[0;37m'
RESET='\033[0m'
FILE="/usr/share/sounds/My_Sounds/Short_doorbell.wav"

if [ -f "$FILE" ]
then
     printf "${GREEN}File exists.${RESET}\n"
else
     printf "${RED}File does NOT exist.${RESET}\n"  
fi

For other ANSI terminal escapes (such as bold, underlined, and/or crossed out text and cursor motion and blink rates see ANSI escapes codes in Wikipedia.
These 3 Users Gave Thanks to Don Cragun For This Post:
# 4  
Old 04-10-2019
I am using mate terminal.

I found another way which is easier to use and tput is part of the ncurses package and is supplied with most Linux distributions.

Code:
FILE="/usr/share/sounds/My_Sounds/Short_doorbell.wav"

if [ -f "$FILE" ];
then
     tput setaf 2; echo "File $FILE does exist."
else
     tput setaf 1; echo "File $FILE does NOT exist."
     
fi
tput sgr0    # Reset text format to the terminal's default


#Num  Colour    #define         R G B

#0    black     COLOR_BLACK     0,0,0
#1    red       COLOR_RED       1,0,0
#2    green     COLOR_GREEN     0,1,0
#3    yellow    COLOR_YELLOW    1,1,0
#4    blue      COLOR_BLUE      0,0,1
#5    magenta   COLOR_MAGENTA   1,0,1
#6    cyan      COLOR_CYAN      0,1,1
#7    white     COLOR_WHITE     1,1,1

These 3 Users Gave Thanks to drew77 For This Post:
# 5  
Old 04-11-2019
Hi.

Here is an example of hiding a lot of the code (like tput) and allowing a pattern to be specified for conditional high-lighting:
Code:
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# @(#) s1       Demonstrate colorization of text.

# Utility functions: print-as-echo, print-line-with-visual-space, debug.
# export PATH="/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin"
LC_ALL=C ; LANG=C ; export LC_ALL LANG
pe() { for _i;do printf "%s" "$_i";done; printf "\n"; }
pl() { pe;pe "-----" ;pe "$*"; }
em() { pe "$*" >&2 ; }
db() { ( printf " db, ";for _i;do printf "%s" "$_i";done;printf "\n" ) >&2 ; }
db() { : ; }
C=$HOME/bin/context && [ -f $C ] && $C my-hilite

pl " Results, file missing:"
FILE=test1
rm -f $FILE
if [ -f "$FILE" ];
then
  echo "File $FILE does exist." |
  my-hilite -f green
else
  echo "File $FILE does NOT exist." |
  my-hilite -f red
fi

touch $FILE
pl " Results, file present:"
if [ -f "$FILE" ];
then
  echo "File $FILE does exist." |
  my-hilite -f green
else
  echo "File $FILE does NOT exist." |
  my-hilite -f red
fi

pl " Results, if only string \"File\" should be colored:"
echo " The File is unimportant, the contents are what matters." |
my-hilite -f blue "File"

exit 0

producing:
Code:
./s1 | ansifilter -B

Environment: LC_ALL = C, LANG = C
(Versions displayed with local utility "version")
OS, ker|rel, machine: Linux, 3.16.0-7-amd64, x86_64
Distribution        : Debian 8.11 (jessie) 
bash GNU bash 4.3.30
my-hilite - ( local: RepRev 1.2, ~/bin/my-hilite, 2019-04-11 )

-----
 Results, file missing:
File test1 does NOT exist.

-----
 Results, file present:
File test1 does exist.

-----
 Results, if only string "File" should be colored:
 The File is unimportant, the contents are what matters.

The ansifilter is so that the colors show up here, and would not be needed on a terminal -- I use Konsole, I'm assuming that Mate will be similar.

I'll try to attach the script my-hilite as a text file (in this or a following post) so that you may rename it, modify it, etc.

Best wishes ... cheers, drl

--- Post updated at 10:56 ---

Hi.

Cannot seem to get attached file to work, so copied here ... cheers, drl
Code:
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# @(#) my-hilite        Colorize regex pattern matches, insert tput codes with sed.
# $Id: my-hilite,v 1.2 2019/04/11 15:12:31 drl Exp $

# Home:
# http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/46562/how-do-you-colorize-only-some-keywords-for-a-bash-script

# Utility functions: print-as-echo, print-line-with-visual-space, debug.
LC_ALL=C ; LANG=C ; export LC_ALL LANG
pe() { for _i;do printf "%s" "$_i";done; printf "\n"; }
pl() { pe;pe "-----" ;pe "$*"; }
em() { pe "$*" >&2 ; }
db() { ( printf " db, ";for _i;do printf "%s" "$_i";done;printf "\n" ) >&2 ; }
db() { : ; }

# Short circuit for debug -- MUST BE FIRST ARGUMENT.
if [[ $# -gt 0 && "$1" =~ ^-de*b*u*g* ]]
then
  db() { ( printf " db, ";for _i;do printf "%s" "$_i";done;printf "\n" ) >&2 ; }
  shift;
else
  db() { : ; }
fi

color_to_num () {
  case $1 in
    black)  echo 0;;
    red)    echo 1;;
    green)  echo 2;;
    yellow) echo 3;;
    blue)   echo 4;;
    purple) echo 5;;
    cyan)   echo 6;;
    white)  echo 7;;
    *)      echo 0;;
  esac
}

# default values for foreground and background colors
bg=
fg=
bold="$(tput bold)"
italics=""
boundary=""

while getopts f:b:sli option; do
  case "$option" in
    f) fg="$OPTARG";;
    b) bg="$OPTARG";;
    s) bold="";;
    l) boundary=".*";;
    i) italics="$(tput sitm)";;
  esac
done

shift $(($OPTIND - 1))

if [ $# -le 0 ]
then
  pattern="^.*$"
else
  pattern="$*"
fi

if [ -n "$fg" ]; then
  fg=$(tput setaf $(color_to_num $fg))
fi
if [ -n "$bg" ]; then
  bg=$(tput setab $(color_to_num $bg))
fi

if [ -z "$fg$bg" ]; then
  fg=$(tput smso)
fi

db " boundary = :$boundary:"
db " pattern  = :$pattern:"
sed "s/${boundary}${pattern}${boundary}/${bold}${italics}${fg}${bg}&$(tput sgr0)/g"

exit

# 6  
Old 04-11-2019
Some of these terminal escape codes even 'tput' can't do.
All work on CygWin's 'mintty' terminal too.
Code:
#!/bin/sh

# For those that do not have tput.
# Some of these cannot even be done using tput!
# All work on the majority of terminals but some terminals can't do them all.

# Resize the terminal on the fly, even works on CygWin's mintty, this resizes to 30 rows by 86 columns.
echo "Resize terminal to 30 x 86."
printf "%b" "\033[8;30;86t"
sleep 2
# And resize to a standard size of 24 rows by 80 columns.
echo "Resize terminal to 24 x 80."
printf "%b" "\033[8;24;80t"

# Reset terminal for machines that do not have it.
echo "Reset the terminal."
sleep 2
printf "%b" "\033c\033[0m\033[2J\033[H"

# Clear the screen.
echo "Clear the screen."
sleep 1
printf "%b" "\033[2J\033[H"
echo "Alternate clear screen."
sleep 1
# OR...
printf "%b" "\033[2J\033[1;1f"

# Clear the terminal current buffer only.
printf "%b" "\033[3J"

# Write into the terminal title bar.
printf "%b" "\033]0;Barry Walker.\007"
sleep 2
# And clear it again.
printf "%b" "\033]0;\007"

Enjoy lads and lassies...

Last edited by wisecracker; 04-11-2019 at 02:45 PM..
This User Gave Thanks to wisecracker For This Post:
# 7  
Old 04-11-2019
Something is missing in the code.

Code:
Hilite.sh

-----
 Results, file missing:
/home/andy/bin/Hilite.sh: line 24: my-hilite: command not found

-----
 Results, file present:
/home/andy/bin/Hilite.sh: line 32: my-hilite: command not found

-----
 Results, if only string "File" should be colored:
/home/andy/bin/Hilite.sh: line 40: my-hilite: command not found

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