Shell Programming and Scripting

> echo "hello" | awk '{print substr($0,length,1)}'
o
> echo "hello smiley" | awk '{print substr($0,length,1)}'
y

sed 's/.*\(.\)$/\1/' input

awk '{print $NF}' FS= input

perl -nle'print/(.)$/' input

perl -lne'print chop' input

ruby -ne'puts$_[/.$/].to_s' input

while IFS= read -r; do printf "%s\n" "${REPLY#${REPLY%?}}";done<input

while IFS= read -r; do printf "%s\n" "${REPLY[ -1]}";done<input

while IFS= read -r;do print -- $REPLY[-1];done<input

cut< <(rev input) -c1

grep -Eo '.$' input