How can I apply 'date' command to specific columns, in a BASH script?

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LEARN ABOUT LINUX

chage

CHAGE(1)							   User Commands							  CHAGE(1)

NAME

       chage - change user password expiry information

SYNOPSIS

       chage [options] [LOGIN]

DESCRIPTION

       The chage command changes the number of days between password changes and the date of the last password change. This information is used by
       the system to determine when a user must change his/her password.

OPTIONS

       The options which apply to the chage command are:

       -d, --lastday LAST_DAY
	   Set the number of days since January 1st, 1970 when the password was last changed. The date may also be expressed in the format
	   YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area).

       -E, --expiredate EXPIRE_DATE
	   Set the date or number of days since January 1, 1970 on which the user's account will no longer be accessible. The date may also be
	   expressed in the format YYYY-MM-DD (or the format more commonly used in your area). A user whose account is locked must contact the
	   system administrator before being able to use the system again.

	   Passing the number -1 as the EXPIRE_DATE will remove an account expiration date.

       -h, --help
	   Display help message and exit.

       -I, --inactive INACTIVE
	   Set the number of days of inactivity after a password has expired before the account is locked. The INACTIVE option is the number of
	   days of inactivity. A user whose account is locked must contact the system administrator before being able to use the system again.

	   Passing the number -1 as the INACTIVE will remove an account's inactivity.

       -l, --list
	   Show account aging information.

       -m, --mindays MIN_DAYS
	   Set the minimum number of days between password changes to MIN_DAYS. A value of zero for this field indicates that the user may change
	   his/her password at any time.

       -M, --maxdays MAX_DAYS
	   Set the maximum number of days during which a password is valid. When MAX_DAYS plus LAST_DAY is less than the current day, the user
	   will be required to change his/her password before being able to use his/her account. This occurrence can be planned for in advance by
	   use of the -W option, which provides the user with advance warning.

	   Passing the number -1 as MAX_DAYS will remove checking a password's validity.

       -W, --warndays WARN_DAYS
	   Set the number of days of warning before a password change is required. The WARN_DAYS option is the number of days prior to the
	   password expiring that a user will be warned his/her password is about to expire.

       If none of the options are selected, chage operates in an interactive fashion, prompting the user with the current values for all of the
       fields. Enter the new value to change the field, or leave the line blank to use the current value. The current value is displayed between a
       pair of [ ] marks.

NOTE

       The chage program requires a shadow password file to be available.

       The chage command is restricted to the root user, except for the -l option, which may be used by an unprivileged user to determine when
       his/her password or account is due to expire.

CONFIGURATION

       The following configuration variables in /etc/login.defs change the behavior of this tool:

FILES

       /etc/passwd
	   User account information.

       /etc/shadow
	   Secure user account information.

EXIT VALUES

       The chage command exits with the following values:

       0
	   success

       1
	   permission denied

       2
	   invalid command syntax

       15
	   can't find the shadow password file

SEE ALSO

       passwd(5), shadow(5).

User Commands							    06/24/2011								  CHAGE(1)

Shell Programming and Scripting