Shell Programming and Scripting

aa 344 456
aa 34 67
bb 34 90
bb 23 100
bb 1 89
d 0 12
e 45 678
e 78 90
e 56 90
....
....
....

a 344-456, 34-67
b 34-90,23-100,1-89
d 0-12
e 45-678,78-90,56-90

awk '{A[$1]=A[$1]?A[$1] OFS $2"-"$3:$2"-"$3} END{for(i in A){print i FS A[i]}}' OFS=", "   Input_file

bb 34-90, 23-100, 1-89
d 0-12
e 45-678, 78-90, 56-90
aa 344-456, 34-67

awk 'FNR==NR{A[$1]=A[$1]?A[$1] OFS $2"-"$3:$2"-"$3;next} ($1 in A){print $1 FS A[$1];delete A[$1]}' OFS=", "  Input_file  Input_file

aa 344-456, 34-67
bb 34-90, 23-100, 1-89
d 0-12
e 45-678, 78-90, 56-90

awk '{i=substr($0,1,1) ;v[i]=v[i]?v[i]","$2"-"$3:$2"-"$3;} END{ for (i in v) print i"\t"v[i]}' input_file

awk '
last != substr($1, 1, 1) {
	if(NR > 1) print ""
	last = substr($1, 1, 1)
	printf("%s\t%s-%s", last, $2, $3)
	next
}
{	printf(",%s-%s", $2, $3)
}
END {	if(NR > 0) print ""
}' file

a	344-456,34-67
b	34-90,23-100,1-89
d	0-12
e	45-678,78-90,56-90

aa123 344 456
aa123 34 67
bb34 34 90
bb34 23 100
bb34 1 89
d3 0 12
e55 45 678
e55 78 90
e55 56 90
....
....
....