Shell Programming and Scripting

I have a file which looks like this:

Code:

1 3 5 5 3 2
1 5 3 6 3 2
0 5 6 3 2 9
0 4 5 6 4 9

In the first column, instead of 1, I want to place +1 and instead of 0, I want -1 to be put. So the generated file should look like this:

Code:

+1 3 5 5 3 2
+1 5 3 6 3 2
-1 5 6 3 2 9
-1 4 5 6 4 9

Just to let people know what I have done, which to many will look very inefficient. This is why I am interested in knowing a quick solution to this. I first extracted the first column using the following command:

Code:

awk '{print $1}' input_file > output_file

Then separated the 1s and 0s in two separate files using the following command:

Code:

awk '{ print > $1 ".dat" }' input_file

Then added + before 1, and subtracted -1 from the file that contained 0. Then used cat to append the contents from the .dat files. Then used the paste command to paste the contents with the original file. This process is of course too time consuming. I am using Linux with BASH.

awk '{ if( $1 == 1) $1 = "+1"; else if ($1 == 0) $1= "-1"; print;}' inputfile

If you have the first column to be 1 and 0 only, then use awk '{ if( $1 == 1) $1 = "+1"; else $1= "-1"; print;}' inputfile

Or use sub function:

Code:

awk '{sub(1,"+1",$1);sub(0,"-1",$1)}1' file

Sub fails in this condition, it just replaces first occurrence

Code:

# Yoda's
$ cat << test | awk '{sub(1,"+1",$1);sub(0,"-1",$1)}1'
11
00
test

+11
-10

# PikK45
$ cat << test | awk '{ if( $1 == 1) $1 = "+1"; else if ($1 == 0) $1= "-1"; print;}'
11
00
test

11
-1

If the 1st field can only be 0 or 1, you can also try:

Code:

awk '{$1 = $1 ? "+1" : -1}1' input_file

Yes, in my case the first column contains only 0 and 1. However, it is good to see others generalize to other values.

This is what I thought after seeing @Akshay's analysis

Code:

awk '{ 
  if( length($1) == 1 ) {
    if( $1 == 1) $1 = "+1"; 
    else if ($1 == 0) $1= "-1"; 
  }
  print;}' input.txt