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GETDATE(3) BSD Library Functions Manual GETDATE(3) NAME
getdate, getdate_err -- convert user format date and time LIBRARY
Standard C Library (libc, -lc) SYNOPSIS
#include <time.h> struct tm * getdate(const char *str); extern int getdate_err; DESCRIPTION
The getdate() function converts a date or time character string pointed to by str into a static tm structure described in tm(3). The input string is parsed and interpreted using templates. A text file containing templates is specified by the environment variable DATEMSK. This should contain the full path to the template file. Lines in the template file represent acceptable date and/or time conver- sion specifications. These specifications are similar to those given for strptime(3). The first line in the template file that matches the input string is used to interpret and convert to internal time format. Internal Format Conversion The following rules apply to converting the input into the internal format. o If only the weekday is given, the conversion assumes today when the weekday matches today or the first future matching weekday. o If only the month and no year is given, the conversion assumes the current month when the month matches or the first future match- ing month. The first day of the month is assumed if no day is given. o If only the year is given, the values of the tm_mon, tm_mday, tm_wday, tm_yday, and tm_isdst members of the returned struct tm are unspecified. o If the century is given, but the year within the century is not given, the conversion assumes the current year. o If no hour, minute, and second are given, the conversion assumes the current hour, minute, and second. o If no date is given, the conversion assumes today when the given hour is greater than the current hour and tomorrow when the given hour is less. o If %Z is being scanned, then the broken-down time is based on the the current time of the matched timezone and not the current run- time environment timezone. RETURN VALUES
If successful, the getdate() function returns a pointer to a static tm structure containing the broken-down time. Otherwise, a null pointer is returned and getdate_err is set to indicate the error. The variable getdate_err can have the following values: 1 DATEMSK environment variable is null or undefined. 2 Cannot open the template file for reading. 3 Get file status failed for template file. 4 Template file is not a regular file. 5 Encountered an error while reading the template file. 6 Cannot allocate memory. 7 Input string does not match any line in the template file. 8 Input string is invalid (for example February 31) or could not be represented in a time_t. ENVIRONMENT
DATEMSK The full path to the text file containing the templates for acceptable date and/or time conversions. FILES
/usr/share/examples/getdate/datemsk.template An example template file that could be specified via the DATEMSK environment variable. EXAMPLES
The following example shows the possible contents of a template file: %m %A %B %d, %Y, %H:%M:%S %A %B %m/%d/%y %I %p %d,%m,%Y %H:%M at %A the %dst of %B in %Y run job at %I %p, %B %dnd %A den %d. %B %Y %H.%M Uhr The following are examples of valid input for the above template: 10/1/87 4 PM Friday Firday September 18, 1987, 10:30:30 24,9,1986 10:30 at monday the 1st of december in 1986 run job at 3 PM, december 2nd The following examples show how local data and time specification can be defined in the template. Input String Line in Template 11/27/86 %m/%d/%y 27.11.86 %d.%m/%y 86-11-27 %y-%m-%d Friday 12:00:00 %A %H:%M:%S The following examples illustrate the Internal Format Conversion rules given that the current date is Mon Sep 22 12:19:47 EDT 1986 and the LC_TIME environment variable is set to the default C locale. Input String Line in Template Date Mon %a Mon Sep 22 12:19:47 EDT 1986 Sun %a Sun Sep 28 12:19:47 EDT 1986 Fri %a Sun Sep 26 12:19:47 EDT 1986 September %B Mon Sep 1 12:19:47 EDT 1986 January %B Thu Jan 1 12:19:47 EST 1987 December %B Mon Dec 1 12:19:47 EST 1987 Sep Mon %b %a Mon Sep 1 12:19:47 EDT 1986 Jan Fri %b %a Fri Jan 2 12:19:47 EDT 1987 Dec Mon %b %a Mon Dec 1 12:19:47 EDT 1986 Jan Wed 1989 %b %a %Y Wed Jan 4 12:19:47 EST 1989 Fri 9 %a %H Fri Sep 26 09:00:00 EDT 1986 Feb 10:30 %b %H:%S Sun Feb 1 10:00:30 EST 1987 10:30 %H:%M Tue Sep 23 10:30:00 EDT 1986 13:30 %H:%M Tue Sep 22 13:30:00 EDT 1986 SEE ALSO
ctime(3), localtime(3), mktime(3), strftime(3), strptime(3), time(3) STANDARDS
The getdate() function conforms to IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (``POSIX.1''). HISTORY
The getdate function appeared in AT&T System V Release 4 UNIX. BUGS
The getdate interface is inherently unsafe for multi-threaded programs or libraries, since it returns a pointer to a static variable and uses a global state variable. BSD
April 14, 2011 BSD
