Shell Programming and Scripting

$ cat file1
1 123
1 125
1 234
2 123
2 234
2 300
2 312
3 10
3 215
4 56

$ cat file2
1 123 0 1 0 0
1 126 2 1 0 0
2 123 0 1 0 1
2 138 1 1 1 1
2 300 0 1 2 3
2 311 2 4 6 0
3 120 3 4 1 0
3 215 1 1 2 1
3 216 0 2 1 5
3 345 8 0 1 0
3 357 0 1 1 1
3 500 2 1 0 1
4 17  6 1 0 2
4 70  0 1 0 1

$ cat test.awk
NF == 2 {
  if (looking == 1) { print a, b, "0 0 0 0" }
  else { looking = 1 }
  a = $1; b = $2
  }
NF != 2 && looking == 1 {
  if (a == $1 && b == $2) { print }
  else { print a, b, "0 0 0 0" }
  looking = 0
  }

$ sort file1 file2 | awk -f test.awk
1 123 0 1 0 0
1 125 0 0 0 0
1 234 0 0 0 0
2 123 0 1 0 1
2 234 0 0 0 0
2 300 0 1 2 3
2 312 0 0 0 0
3 10 0 0 0 0
3 215 1 1 2 1
4 56 0 0 0 0

$ cat file1
1 123
1 125
1 234
2 123
2 234
2 300
2 312
3 10
3 215
4 56
4 80

$ cat file2
1 123 0 1 0 0
1 126 2 1 0 0
2 123 0 1 0 1
2 138 1 1 1 1
2 300 0 1 2 3
2 311 2 4 6 0
3 120 3 4 1 0
3 215 1 1 2 1
3 216 0 2 1 5
3 345 8 0 1 0
3 357 0 1 1 1
3 500 2 1 0 1
4 17  6 1 0 2
4 70  0 1 0 1

$ cat test.awk
NF == 2 {
  if (looking == 1) { print a, b, "0 0 0 0" }
  else { looking = 1 }
  a = $1; b = $2
  }
NF != 2 && looking == 1 {
  if (a == $1 && b == $2) { print }
  else { print a, b, "0 0 0 0" }
  looking = 0
  }
END {
  if (looking == 1) { print a, b, "0 0 0 0" }
  }

$ sort file1 file2 | awk -f test.awk
1 123 0 1 0 0
1 125 0 0 0 0
1 234 0 0 0 0
2 123 0 1 0 1
2 234 0 0 0 0
2 300 0 1 2 3
2 312 0 0 0 0
3 10 0 0 0 0
3 215 1 1 2 1
4 56 0 0 0 0
4 80 0 0 0 0

awk '{print $1"-"$2 "\t" $0}' file1 | sort -k1,1 > file1.tmp
awk '{print $1"-"$2 "\t" $0}' file2 | sort -k1,1 > file2.tmp
join -e 0 -a 1 -o 1.2,1.3,2.4,2.5,2.6,2.7 file1.tmp file2.tmp > file3

1 125 0 0 0 0

3 10 0 0 0 0
    and
4 56 0 0 0 0

3 10  0 0 0 0
    and
4 56  0 0 0 0

awk '
# gf1() -  Get a line from file1.
# Description:
#       Set key1 to the 1st two fields from that line separated by a single
#       space.  It is assumed that the input fields are separated by a
#       combination of one or more spaces and tabs.
# Exit Code:
#       0 EOF or error reading from file1.
# Return Value:
#       1 Successful completion.
function gf1() {
        if((getline file1line < file1) != 1) exit(0)
        split(file1line, field, /[ \t]+/)
        key1 = field[1] FS field[2]
        return(1)
}
{       while(key1 < $1 FS $2) {
                # We are here because either this is the 1st line from file2
                # and we have not read a line from file1 yet or the line from
                # file1 does not have a match in file2 and we are looking at a
                # key from file2 that is greater than the key from the current
                # line in file1...
                if(key1) {
                        # Create a enw line for an unmatched key from file1.
                        print key1 " 0 0 0 0"
                        key1 = ""
                }
                gf1()   # Get another line from file1.
        }
}
key1 == $1 FS $2 {
        # We have a matching key, print the line from file2 and get a new line
        # from both files.
        print key1, $3, $4, $5, $6
        gf1()
}
END {   while(key1) {
                # Create new lines for any remaining unmatched keys from file1.
                print key1 " 0 0 0 0"
                gf1()   # We will exit this loop when we hit EOF on file1.
        }
}' file1=file1 file2 > file3