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# 1  
Old 06-21-2011
KSH - Issue with endless loop.
First time post. I did a search so I didn’t see this specific issue. It seems to be a head scratcher for me.
I have an hourly job that on rare occasions, gets into an endless loop.
I’ve tried different scenarios but the current version does basically the following.
Find all the *.arc files and copy them to a new location. Since this runs every hour, I only copy files that don’t already exist in the new location. There is another process which follows the same logic and deletes from both the source as well as the destination. The only difference is I use the +mtime in the find command because I keep a weeks worth of files on the source and 10 days on the destination.
Every once in a while ( 3 to 4 times in the last 6 months), this script gets into an endless loop and the output fills up the log directory. We have to kill the process and cleanup the files.
Three questions:
1) Any thoughts on what I’m doing would cause an endless loop?
2) Any change in logic that might prevent this problem?
3) Any way to insert a trace to help trap the cause?
Here is the KSH function that does the copy:
Code:
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copy archive files to the backup locaton. Skip the most current archive file.
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
save_files() {
ERR=N

   sav_files1="/tmp/save_files1_${DB}.tmp"
   sav_log1="/tmp/save_log1_${DB}.tmp"

   >$sav_files1
   >$sav_log1

  find ${dir_dest} -type f -name \*.arc > $archive_list
  curr_nbr=$(cat $archive_list | wc -l)

  if [[ $curr_nbr -gt 1 ]]; then
     #skip the most current file.
     curr_arch=$(ls -1t ${dir_dest}/*.arc | head -1
   cat $archive_list | while read aname
   do
      if [[ $curr_arch != $aname ]]; then
        base_file=$(basename $aname)
        if [[ $OS = "Linux" ]]; then
           compress_name="${Backup_dir}/${base_file}.zip"
        else
           compress_name="${Backup_dir}/${base_file}.Z"
        fi
        cp_name="${Backup_dir}/${base_file}"
        if [[ ! -a $cp_name && ! -a $compress_name ]]; then
           # Save the file
           if [[ $OS = "Linux" ]]; then
              if [[ $COMPRESS = "Y" ]]; then
                 print "Compressing $compress_name" | $LOGCMD
                 echo "zip $compress_name $aname" >> $sav_files1
              else
                  print "Coping $aname to $cp_name" | $LOGCMD
                  echo "cp -p $aname $cp_name" >> $sav_files1
              fi
            else
              if [[ $COMPRESS = "Y" ]]; then
                     print "Compressing $compress_name" | $LOGCMD
                     echo "compress -c $aname > $compress_name" >> $sav_files1
              else
                     print "Coping $aname to $cp_name" | $LOGCMD
                     echo "cp -p $aname $cp_name" >> $sav_files1
              fi
            fi
        fi
      else
          print "Skipping $aname" | $LOGCMD
      fi
   done
   # Chmod sav_files1 and run it.
   chmod +x $sav_files1
   $sav_files1 > $sav_log1 2>&1
   if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
      print "Saving files had error bailing application" |$LOGCMD
      cat $sav_log1 |$LOGCMD
      abort_pgm
   fi
 fi

}

Last edited by radoulov; 06-22-2011 at 05:07 AM.. Reason: Code tags.
# 2  
Old 06-22-2011
What is in the log? Where is the rest of the script? There is no infinite loop here.

You save some overhead doing it on a pipe and not one at a time: 'find . . . | xargs compress'

If you have many CPU and time is important, something that runs N at a time like my bctl tool speeds things up.

Compress is getting old, faster than gzip, bzip2 but with less compression, and slower than lzjb, which might also have a bit better compression, and I have not seen a lzjb command, but if you switch to zfs, you can just turn on lzjb compression and skip the script.
Last edited by DGPickett; 06-22-2011 at 10:40 AM..
# 3  
Old 06-22-2011
Where is archive_list declared?
Code:
  find ${dir_dest} -type f -name \*.arc > $archive_list

# 4  
Old 06-22-2011
Quote:
Originally Posted by fpmurphy
Where is archive_list declared?
Interesting question. Code like this:
Code:
cat $archive_list | while read aname
do
.
.
.
    echo "zip $compress_name $aname" >> $sav_files1             
.
.
.
done

might be an infinite loop if $sav_files1 and $archive_list point to the same file. And I don't see any other way to get an infinite loop out of this.
# 5  
Old 06-22-2011
Thanks for all the replies. Here is the entire script.

Because the endless loop issue is so rare, I think it must be some kind of UNIX/KSH bug, but I have no way of verifying that. As you see by the comments, I had this issue since Febuary of 2010.

One thing someone can help is... is there a way to do a conditional copy because this script only copies new files to the destination. If "cp" or "find" has a way so I don't have to re-copy all the files each run, that's the main reason the script is so large. As far a using compress, I know it's old and gzip would be better, currently we don't compress any more because the destination takes care of it. Thanks for pointing it out though.

Code:
#!/bin/ksh 
#                        CARIDIAN BCT
#   Object Type: Shell Script
#   Object Name: ibm_rman_arch_cleanup.ksh
#   Subsystem..: Oracle maintenance
#   Written by.: Sylvan Creach
#   Parameters.:
#   Output File:
#   External...: /usr/local/scripts/oracle/.dbowner
#                /usr/local/scripts/oracle/oracle.login [SID]
#
#   Description: Created for IBM production databases that have archiving turned on.
#                The tape backup system is not install so this script will maintain  
#                the archive logs on the system and also copy them to a Netapp drive   
#                that can be set up to perform the tape backup.
#  
#   USAGE: ibm_rman_arch_cleanup.ksh [SID] [DAYS] 
#               SID        - DB id
#               DAYS       - All file older that this will be removed
#
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#           M A I N T E N A N C E   L O G
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#   Date     |  Programmer     |  Description
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# 12/15/04   |  Sylvan Creach  |  Initial Release
# 02/25/10   |  Sylvan Creach  |  Modified the logic to save the .arc files to a flat
#                                 file to process. Prior it was just looping through
#                                 a find command to process. I suspected when a database
#                                 was generating excessing *.arc files, this made the script
#                                 go into an endless loop.
# 05/17/11   |  Sylvan Creach  |  Change Backup_dir="/db_dumps/db_archive" to
#                              |  "/db_archive"
# 06/09/11   |  Sylvan Creach  |  Also Inserted a COMPRESS option and set it to NO.
#            |                 |  Add the logic to remove archive older that 10 days (Arc_expire)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
#
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Verify Oracle Sid and Days to cleanup have been specified on the Unix command
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [[ $# -lt 2 ]]; then
   print "USAGE: $0 [SID] [DAYS] {Email Threshold} {Paging Threshold}"
   print "SID            - Database SID name"
   print "DAYS           - The number of days Old before removing (will add 1 for overhead)"
   print "               - (Will add 1 day for overhead)"
   print "Email Thres..  - Override the default 79 percent Threshold"
   print "Paging Thres.. - Override the default 90 percent Threshold"
   exit 1
fi
DB=$1
DAYS=$2
EmailT=$3 
PageT=$4 
((DAYS+=1))
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Set the COMPRESS=Y if you want files compress going to the Backup_dir
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
COMPRESS=N
jobrunning=$(ps -ef | grep ibm_arch_cleanup | grep -c $DB)
if [[ $jobrunning -gt 1 ]]; then
   print "$0 already running for $DB -exiting"
   exit 0
fi
typeset -i dest_cnt dest_cnt2
typeset -u usid 
usid=$DB
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Get database owner/password and set Oracle environment variables  
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
. /usr/local/scripts/oracle/.dbowner
. /usr/local/scripts/oracle/oracle.login $DB
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Main routine
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
main() {
   init
   get_arch_dir
   save_files
   remove_files
   chk_disk
   rm_old
   notify
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# initialization function
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
init() {
   # Set deletion of the archive logs in days
   Arc_expire=10
   archive_list="/tmp/rman_cleanup_files$$.out"
   archive_del="/tmp/rman_cleanup_rmfiles$$.out"
   OS=$(uname -a | awk '{print $1}')
   STAMP=$(date "+%m/%d/%Y %H:%M")
   LOG=$HOME/logs/arch_cleanup_${DB}.log
   >$LOG
   LOGCMD="tee -a $LOG"
   if [[ $DAYS -le 2 ]]; then
      print "DAYS must be at least a value of 2 or greater \nSetting to 2" | $LOGCMD
      DAYS=2
   fi
   if [[ $DAYS -ge $Arc_expire ]]; then
      print "DAYS must be at less than the Archive Expire value - $Arc_expire" | $LOGCMD
      tempnum=$Arc_expire
      ((tempnum-=1))
      DAYS=$tempnum
      print "Setting to - $DAYS"
   fi
   if [[ $EmailT -gt 0 ]]; then 
       E_THOLD=$EmailT
       print "Setting Email Threshold to - $E_THOLD"
   else
       E_THOLD=79
   fi
   if [[ $PageT -gt 0 ]]; then 
       P_THOLD=$PageT
       print "Setting Paging Threshold to - $P_THOLD"
   else
       P_THOLD=90  #Paging Threshold
   fi
   mailusers="$(/usr/local/scripts/oracle/get_dba_email.ksh)"
   pageuser="oncall"
   print "$0 Script parameters:" | $LOGCMD
   print "SID  :$DB" | $LOGCMD
   print "DAYS :$DAYS\n" | $LOGCMD
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Parse the INIT file and get the archive directory
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
get_arch_dir() {
    INIT="$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora"
    SPFILE="$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.ora"
   if [[ -a $SPFILE ]]; then
       SPTMP=/tmp/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.txt
       strings $SPFILE > $SPTMP
       INIT=$SPTMP
       parse_init
   elif [[ -a $INIT ]]; then
       parse_init
   else
     echo "SCRIPT: $SN" | $LOGCMD
     echo "${STAMP} : ERROR: ORACLE Database \"${ORACLE_SID}\" init or spfile file not found" | $LOGCMD
     /usr/local/scripts/oracle/pager.ksh oncall "$ORACLE_SID - init for spfile not found"
     echo "${STAMP} : Aborting..." | $LOGCMD
     echo "ERROR SPFile not found - $SPFILE"
     abort_pgm
   fi
   Backup_dir="/db_archive/$DB"
    if [[ ! -d $Backup_dir ]]; then
       mkdir $Backup_dir
       ERR=$?
       if [[ $ERR -ne 0 ]]; then
          echo "$(date) : ERROR Could not create directory in $Backup_dir" | $LOGCMD
       fi
    fi

}
parse_init() {
typeset -l Linit_dest
 dest_cnt2=0
 dest_cnt=0
  dest_cnt=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST $INIT |wc -l|awk '{print $1}')
  arch_grep=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST $INIT)
  print "INIT=$INIT arch grep command: $arch_grep dest_cnt=$dest_cnt"
     case $dest_cnt in
      1)
        init_dest=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST $INIT | sed 's/"//g' | sed "s/'//g" |grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f2)
        Linit_dest=$init_dest
        if [ $Linit_dest = "location" ]; then
                init_dest=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST $INIT | sed 's/"//g' | sed "s/'//g" |grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f3)
        fi
        print "dest = $init_dest"
        ;;
      0)
        echo "${STAMP} : ERROR: ORACLE Database \"${ORACLE_SID}\" Archive Destination not found" | $LOGCMD
        echo "${STAMP} : Aborting..." | $LOGCMD
        print "Option 0"
        exit 1
        ;;
      2)
        print "Option *"
        init_dest=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 $INIT | sed 's/"//g'|sed "s/'//g" | grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f2)
        Linit_dest=$init_dest
        if [ $Linit_dest = "location" ]; then
           init_dest=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 $INIT | sed 's/"//g' |sed "s/'//g"| grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f3)
        fi
        dest_cnt2=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 $INIT |wc -l)
        if [[ $dest_cnt2 -eq 1 ]]; then
           init_dest2=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 $INIT | sed 's/"//g' |sed "s/'//g"| grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f2)
           Linit_dest=$init_dest2
           if [ $Linit_dest = "location" ]; then
              init_dest2=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2 $INIT | sed 's/"//g' |sed "s/'//g"| grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f3)
           fi
        fi
        print "dest 1 = $init_dest"
        print "dest 2 = $init_dest2"
        ;;
      *)
        print "invalid number of detinations - $dest_cnt"
        exit 1
        ;;
     esac
     #init_dest=$(egrep -i LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST $INIT | sed 's/"//g' | grep -v '^#' | cut -d= -f2)

  print "Init Dest = [$init_dest]"
  if [[ ! -d $init_dest ]]; then
     dir_dest=$(dirname $init_dest)
  else
     dir_dest=$init_dest
  fi
  print "Archive Directory = [$dir_dest]" | $LOGCMD
  if [[ -d $init_dest2 ]]; then
     print "Second Archive destination = [$init_dest2]" | $LOGCMD
  fi

}

# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Compress archive files older than one day. Skip the most current archive file.
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
save_files() {
ERR=N
   sav_files1="/tmp/save_files1_${DB}.tmp"
   sav_log1="/tmp/save_log1_${DB}.tmp"
   >$sav_files1
   >$sav_log1
  find ${dir_dest} -type f -name \*.arc > $archive_list
  curr_nbr=$(cat $archive_list | wc -l) 
  if [[ $curr_nbr -gt 1 ]]; then
     curr_arch=$(ls -1t ${dir_dest}/*.arc | head -1) 
     #get_curr_archives
   cat $archive_list | while read aname
   do 
      if [[ $curr_arch != $aname ]]; then
        base_file=$(basename $aname)
        if [[ $OS = "Linux" ]]; then
           compress_name="${Backup_dir}/${base_file}.zip"
        else
           compress_name="${Backup_dir}/${base_file}.Z"
        fi
        cp_name="${Backup_dir}/${base_file}"
        if [[ ! -a $cp_name && ! -a $compress_name ]]; then
           # Save the file
           if [[ $OS = "Linux" ]]; then
              if [[ $COMPRESS = "Y" ]]; then
                 print "Compressing $compress_name" | $LOGCMD
                 echo "zip $compress_name $aname" >> $sav_files1
              else
                  print "Coping $aname to $cp_name" | $LOGCMD
                  echo "cp -p $aname $cp_name" >> $sav_files1
              fi
            else
              if [[ $COMPRESS = "Y" ]]; then
                     print "Compressing $compress_name" | $LOGCMD
                     echo "compress -c $aname > $compress_name" >> $sav_files1
              else
                     print "Coping $aname to $cp_name" | $LOGCMD
                     echo "cp -p $aname $cp_name" >> $sav_files1
              fi
            fi
        fi
      else
          print "Skipping $aname" | $LOGCMD
      fi
   done
   # Chmod sav_files1 and run it.
   chmod +x $sav_files1
   $sav_files1 > $sav_log1 2>&1
   if [[ $? -ne 0 ]]; then
      print "Saving files had error bailing application" |$LOGCMD
      cat $sav_log1 |$LOGCMD
      abort_pgm
   fi
 fi
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Remove *.arc files from the arch_destination that are older than DAYS 
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
remove_files() {
   print "Removing archive log Files from the archive destination locations found older than $DAYS old..."
   rm_archive1="/tmp/rm_archive1_${DB}.tmp"
   rm_archive2="/tmp/rm_archive2_${DB}.tmp"
   rm_log1="/tmp/rm_log1_${DB}.tmp"
   rm_log2="/tmp/rm_log2_${DB}.tmp"
   find $dir_dest -name \*.arc -mtime +${DAYS} 2>/dev/null | awk '{print "rm "$1}' > $rm_archive1
   fcnt=$(cat $rm_archive1 | wc -l)
   if [[ $fcnt -gt 0 ]]; then
      print "Removing $fcnt archives from $dir_dest" | $LOGCMD
      chmod +x $rm_archive1
      $rm_archive1 > $rm_log1 2>&1
      rc=$?
      if [[ $rc -ne 0 ]]; then
         print "Archive delete from $dir_dest had errors..." | $LOGCMD
         cat $rm_log1 | $LOGCMD
      fi
   fi
   if [[ -d $init_dest2 ]]; then
      print "NOTE: Found a second Archive destination: $init_dest2"
      find $dir_dest2 -name \*.arc -mtime +${DAYS} 2>/dev/null | awk '{print "rm "$1}' > $rm_archive2
      fcnt=$(cat $rm_archive2 | wc -l)
      if [[ $fcnt -gt 0 ]]; then
         print "Removing $fcnt archives from $dir_dest2" | $LOGCMD
         chmod +x $rm_archive2
         $rm_archive2 > $rm_log2 2>&1
         rc=$?
         if [[ $rc -ne 0 ]]; then
            print "Archive delete from $dir_dest2 had errors..." | $LOGCMD
            cat $rm_log2 | $LOGCMD
         fi
      else
         print "Warning: Second archive had no archive logs to delete"
      fi
   fi
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Check disk capacity.  Email if disk capacity is greater than E_THOLD.
# Page if disk capacity if greater than P_THOLD 
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
chk_disk() {
     cap=$(df -k $dir_dest | grep -v Filesystem | awk '{print $4}' | sed "s/%//g")
     if [[ $cap -gt $E_THOLD ]]; then
        do_trim_cleanup 4
     fi
     cap=$(df -k $dir_dest | grep -v Filesystem | awk '{print $4}' | sed "s/%//g")
     if [[ $cap -gt $P_THOLD ]]; then
        do_trim_cleanup 3
        /usr/local/scripts/oracle/pager.ksh $pageuser "$(uname -n) DIR - $dir_dest is ${cap}% full"
     fi
}
do_trim_cleanup() {
   DAYS=$1
   if [[ $DAYS -eq 4 ]]; then
      Tmsg="Email Threshold Exceeded"
   else
      Tmsg="Paging Threshold Exceeded"
   fi
   messbody="   $Tmsg \n The $dir_dest directory is more than $E_THOLD - $cap for $DB
   Performing an emergency cleanup by reducing the DAYS kept to $DAYS"
   remove_files
   newcap=$(df -k $dir_dest | grep -v Filesystem | awk '{print $4}' | sed "s/%//g")
   messbody="$messbody \nFree space after cleanup - $newcap"
   echo "$messbody" | mailx -s "ibm_arch_rman_cleanup.ksh has a space issue $DB - !! Emergency Cleanup performed !!" $mailusers
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This standardized the the email when the Script aborts abnormally
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
abort_pgm() {
       cat $LOG | mailx -s "$0 script had ERRORS" $mailusers
  exit 1
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Notify users of script success  
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
notify() {
   if [[ $curr_nbr -gt 1 ]]; then
       cat $LOG | $LOGCMD 
   else
       print "No archives needed to process" | $LOGCMD
   fi
   # Doing file cleanup...
   if [[ $DEBUG = "" ]]; then
       print "Removing temp files"
       rm -f $archive_list $archive_del
   fi
}
get_curr_archives() {
curr_arch=$(sqlplus -s <<!
$DBAUSER/$DBAPASS
set pages 0 feed off
whenever sqlerror exit 1
select name from v\$archived_log where sequence#=(select max( sequence#) from v\$archived_log where name is not null)
/
exit
!)
xcnt=$(echo $curr_arch | wc | awk '{print $2}')
if [[ $xcnt -eq 1 ]]; then
  if [[ -a $curr_arch ]]; then
      print "Current Archive File= $curr_arch"
  else
     print "ERROR occured - $curr_arch"|$LOGCMD
     exit 1
  fi
else
  save_curr_arch=$curr_arch
  curr_arch=$(echo $save_curr_arch|awk '{print $1}')
  if [[ -a $curr_arch ]]; then
      print "Current Archive File= $curr_arch"
  else
     print "ERROR occured - $curr_arch"|$LOGCMD
     exit 1
  fi
fi
}
rm_old() {
find $Backup_dir -name \*.arc -mtime +${Arc_expire} -type f -exec rm -f {} \;
}
main

Last edited by Perderabo; 06-22-2011 at 02:38 PM.. Reason: code tags
# 6  
Old 06-22-2011
Quote:
Originally Posted by Sylvan303
One thing someone can help is... is there a way to do a conditional copy
conditional on what? if files in one dir are different than another?

how about rsync? rsync's basic usage is like cp, but it avoids recopying files with identical sizes+timestamps. (it can also use checksums if you tell it.)
Code:
rsync -r sourcedir/ destdir

Note the ending / in sourcedir. Without that you'll end up with destdir/sourcedir/files instead of destdir/files

Also note that destdir doesn't have to exist yet, so it can be a procedurally generated string or what have you.

rsync also has a plethora of options for how to preserve permissions and so forth. It even has a network protocol, for syncing to files on a different server, but it works fine locally too.
Last edited by Corona688; 06-22-2011 at 03:32 PM..
# 7  
Old 06-22-2011
Sorry, a few thoughts without reading the whole thread and script:

Quote:
ibm_rman_arch_cleanup.ksh
Check if backup ... delete input rman command could work for you (so you don't need to code everything by hand).

I mean that you could backup your archive logs with rman to disk (on a network drive, for example) using the delete input clause, so the backupsets could be later backed up to tape.

I suppose the script should run on AIX (given it's for IBM Production databases Smilie), a part from the powerful rsync, GNU cp, for example, has the -u option:

Code:
 -u, --update
              copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing

Last edited by radoulov; 06-22-2011 at 04:30 PM..
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10. Shell Programming and Scripting

Endless loop - Fork function failed?

I need a quick script that will serve as a sort of "real time monitor" for watching some log files. I am using Bourne shell in HP-UX 10.20. I have basically created a script that never ends, unless of course I manually terminate it. Here's the script (it's called qhistory): clear echo "REAL... (3 Replies)
Discussion started by: cdunavent
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