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# 1  
Old 07-28-2009
shell variables advanced
Hi all, i have more questions but its all about variables so lets begin

1st, is possible to list all variables ?
Command env display only shell variables, but what if i declared another variable? Command set display more variables but not defined by me.

2nd, what difference is between set and env ?

3rd, lets say i declared variable which contains whitespaces, or i have variable which contains whitespaces for example IFS. When i type echo $IFS i see nothing, so i dont know if is declared or if contain white spaces.
Is possible to write white spaces in C format (\n \r \t ...) ?

4th what is difference between sourcing and exporting variable ?




PS: i saw declaration of IFS in set command (IFS=$' \t\n')
# 2  
Old 07-28-2009
Quote:
is possible to list all variables ?
What do you mean by all variables?

Quote:
Command env display only shell variables
Incorrect. It writes the current environment to standard out.

Quote:
what difference is between set and env ?
set is a shell built-in to set and clear shell options. env writes the current environment to standard out.

Quote:
Is possible to write white spaces in C format (\n \r \t ...) ?
Yes and no. Depends on your shell. What shell are you using?
# 3  
Old 07-28-2009
Quote:
Originally Posted by wakatana
Hi all, i have more questions but its all about variables so lets begin

1st, is possible to list all variables ?
Command env display only shell variables, but what if i declared another variable? Command set display more variables but not defined by me.

2nd, what difference is between set and env ?

3rd, lets say i declared variable which contains whitespaces, or i have variable which contains whitespaces for example IFS. When i type echo $IFS i see nothing, so i dont know if is declared or if contain white spaces.
Is possible to write white spaces in C format (\n \r \t ...) ?

4th what is difference between sourcing and exporting variable ?
PS: i saw declaration of IFS in set command (IFS=$' \t\n')
1. "set" lists all variables. Double check, your variable must be there.
Try this:
Code:
 
aassdd="blabla" (or set aassdd="blabla")
echo $aassdd
set | grep aassdd

2. "env" list all environment variables.

3. For variable with space use quotes.
Code:
 
    qq="aaa                  vvv"
    echo $qq       # output will be ==> aaa vvv
    echo "$qq"     # output will be ==> aaa                  vvv

4. For $IFS do the same as before:
Code:
 
    set | grep "$IFS"

# 4  
Old 07-29-2009
Quote:
Originally Posted by edidataguy
4. For $IFS do the same as before:
Code:
 
    set | grep "$IFS"


Why use grep? It may give a lot more than the value of IFS:

Code:
$ set | grep IFS
DIFS=$' \t\n'
IFS=$' \t\n'
oldIFS=$' \t\n'
    oldIFS=$IFS;
    IFS=" -./";
    IFS=$oldIFS;
    IFS=:;
    oldIFS=$IFS;
    IFS=":";
    IFS=$oldIFS;
            printf "%s\n" "$IFS" "$OLD_IFS" 1>&2
            oldIFS
            newIFS
    local IFS=.;
    local IFS=.;
        IFS=$NL;
    IFS=" $TAB$NL";
newIFS () 
    if [ -n "${IFS+X}" ]; then
        OLD_IFS=${OLD_IFS}SET:$IFS;
        IFS=$1;
        OLD_IFS=${OLD_IFS}UNSET;
oldIFS () 
    case $OLD_IFS in 
            unset IFS
            IFS=${OLD_IFS##*SET:};
            OLD_IFS=${OLD_IFS%SET:*}
        IFS=: eval "printf \"%s\n\" \$PATH";

All you need is:

Code:
printf 'IFS=%s\n" "$IFS"

This User Gave Thanks to cfajohnson For This Post:
turbofayce
# 5  
Old 07-29-2009
Thanks for reply i am trying to do for loop in bash script throught *.mp3 files. Problem is that the mp3 files contains white spaces so i found this advice
HTML Code:
https://www.unix.com/shell-programming-scripting/42839-preventing-whitespace-delimiter-loop-bash-sh.html
in short: back up IFS then set IFS to IFS=$’\n’, but how can i print current value of IFS ? echo $IFS gives me nothing. Thanks
# 6  
Old 07-29-2009
Quote:
Originally Posted by edidataguy
1. "set" lists all variables. Double check, your variable must be there.
Try this:
Code:
 
aassdd="blabla" (or set aassdd="blabla")
echo $aassdd
set | grep aassdd

2. "env" list all environment variables.

3. For variable with space use quotes.
Code:
 
    qq="aaa                  vvv"
    echo $qq       # output will be ==> aaa vvv
    echo "$qq"     # output will be ==> aaa                  vvv

4. For $IFS do the same as before:
Code:
 
    set | grep "$IFS"

Sorry an error. It should read as:
Code:
set | grep "^IFS"

Last edited by edidataguy; 07-29-2009 at 04:12 PM..
# 7  
Old 07-29-2009
Quote:
Originally Posted by wakatana
1st, is possible to list all variables ?
In bash, at least, set with no parameters displays all environment variables and shell variables, even arrays.
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