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Precisely backwards. :) Nonzero values mean error. You can simplify the expression a lot:

if(WEXITSTATUS(system("gksudo")))
cout << "Error\n";
else
cout << "Success\n";

From man system (https://www.unix.com/man-page/Linux/3/system/):

RETURN VALUE
The value returned is -1 on error (e.g. fork(2) failed), and the
return status of the command...

Depends how exactly you ran it. How are you running it?

A few things...
1) You haven't given sudo anything to do, so I don't think that will work. If you want to change the password, why not sudo -u username passwd username? That will request the...

No, never. This is a very poor practice, when UNIX has such a wide arrays of better ways to share and restrict things. Better to use existing systems rather than try and craft your own; probably...

Passwords need this protection becase otherwise people would do things like what you're doing.

What is the ultimate goal here?