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Understanding Results from df and du commands

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Operating Systems Linux Red Hat Understanding Results from df and du commands
# 1  
Old 04-03-2013
Understanding Results from df and du commands
Good day every one.
When a use df -h comand on my read hat linux server i get something like this:

/dev/mapper/Vg02-Lv19 30G 29G 145M 100% /app

Then when i do du -sh /app/
i get
12G /app/
For me it is meaning that only 12G was used on /app partition.
How can i see where are being used other 18G?

best Regards
Gege
# 2  
Old 04-03-2013
They are probably in deleted files.

Naively deleting busy or open files will cause them to not be listed, yet still stored on disk; they will remain stored until whatever is holding them open closes them or quits.
# 3  
Old 04-03-2013
There's a difference between the file size in bytes as displayed by e.g. ls, and the space allocated on disk, today usually multiples of 4k. Use ls -s to get a feeling for the two, and the difference. But, to explain such a huge discrepancy (12 GB as opposed to 18 GB), this would not normally suffice, except if you had a really really large number of really small files.

Corona668's suspicion is a very good candidate; use lsof /app and search for "(deleted)" entries:
Code:
firefox    2287 cxxr   36r   REG    8,8     6184 374670 .local/share/gvfs-metadata/root (deleted)

This User Gave Thanks to RudiC For This Post:
thmnetwork
# 4  
Old 04-03-2013
It seems you have "sparse" files in your filesystem. Those files shows significantly different sizes in [du -sh filename] & [ ls -lh filename ] outputs.

Start with finding files which are more than 1 MB and do a "ls -lh" and "du -sh" on those files. If you find any file which shows 1 MB in one output and 1 GB in another output - there is the culprit. Smilie

Hope this helps. Read more on sparse files on wikipedia or some good website and that will give you more insight about these type of files.
# 5  
Old 04-03-2013
Quote:
Originally Posted by freebird8z
It seems you have "sparse" files in your filesystem. Those files shows significantly different sizes in [du -sh filename] & [ ls -lh filename ] outputs.
A sparse file could use less disk than its length, but never more.
# 6  
Old 04-03-2013
Yes, sparse files would show the reverse effect. That's why I did not mention them above.
# 7  
Old 04-04-2013
Hi RudiC
The lsof command is not working for me
.
[oracle@zambezi udump]$ lsof /app
-bash: lsof: command not found
[oracle@zambezi udump]$

regards
Gege
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