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As long as there are no overlapping areas, that doesn't matter.


If your SSD is a $500k house, these gaps sum up to less than two tenth of a cent...

You didn't lose anything.

Disk vendors report capacities in decimal units while format/fdisk still use binary units.

(12502430343-40)*512 = 6401244315136 bytes = 6.4 TB =...

q1: There are 34 sectors of 512 bytes, but, assuming 4096 bytes actual sectors, that makes 34 * 512 / 4096 = 4.25 sectors (of 4096 bytes each).

q2: Yes I did.

Yes. The issue is the word "swap" has several meanings. When you say "swap allocated", you talk about virtual memory but when you say "swap used", that might still be virtual memory (swap -s) or on...

Three gigabytes of memory were used (i.e. read/written) sometime in the past by some process(es). They have not been accessed for a while so the kernel decided to put the data on disk, to keep the...

More or less: yes. Still, you shouldn't use incorrect terminology because at some point - language is the "coagulated thought process" - it will be in the way of your understanding. There is no...

There's an extra "i", my pseudo is jlliagre, not jilliagre...

Unless shared memory enter in the game, no it can't.
Virtual space allocated by a process is for its exclusive use. Note again that...

a) yes, reserved is only reserved. A reservation only has an impact on further reservations. The OS can overcommit reservations, i.e. allow more than it could ever use.
b) the actual usage of swap...

Reservation is a "logical" operation, there is no such thing as a "physical allocation". The only physical operations with memory are read and write.

The physical space that is reserved (thus...

Both the linked thread and MOS Document are correct.

vmstat is reporting that there is unused RAM and it is true. There is no data stored on that RAM.

malloc fails because there is no more swap...

That's a good question. You can compute it from kstat values, e.g.:

kstat -p "::arcstats:demand_*data*" 10 10


The hit ratio is equal to 100.*xxx_hits/(xxx_hits+xxx_misses) with xxx being...

Check the cache hit ratio to see how efficient it is. The closer to 100%, the better.

If you can fit all the files you use in RAM (hit rate 100%) and still have room enough for the applications...

Some statistics are absolute, in that case a short interval will allow to show transient events that would be missed otherwise. Some other statistics are counters, and vmstat will show their average...

vmstat 10 2 will monitor an interval of 20 seconds, whereas vmstat 1 10 will only cover 10 seconds. Both are not sensible invocations for long-term monitoring. Try vmstat 600 (every 10 minutes) or...

Overview:

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Every Picture is Worth a Thousand Words
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Take a look at this thread paying particular attention to jlliagre's post.

https://www.unix.com/solaris/278117-how-free-memory-threshold.html

Swapping unused stuff is okay. So swap -l is no good.
Frequent/continued swapping is not good. So vmstat measurement with a large interval makes sense.
--
The ZFS ARC cache has been found too...

Notice that, depending on which OS and which set of tuning parameters you use, there are two possible swap strategies: early swap allocation and late swap allocation. Late swap allocation means that...

Solaris never swap (i.e. swap out a whole process memory) unless there is a severe shortage of RAM.

I agree significant pagination can strongly degrade performance but paginating once no more used...

In a nutshell yes.
It is confusing a bit from user perspective,zfs used/usedsnap etc.

I would recommend reading about snapshots and COW in general.
Any tech that uses those, basically works on...

After the deletion of file1 USEDSNAP is telling you that there are pointers to 100MB of data.
In that time, 2 references exist in point in time for 100M of data.
snap1 - file1
snap2 - file1,...

Depends on the server, even rebooting of 'half' a server is possible.

If server has 2 or more sockets (T5-2, T7-2 .. ) you can have two (or more) service domains.
Lets say there are 2 sockets,...

You still need to maintain identical crontabs on both servers.
Manual work might be okay.
If you have often changes, and if you have a shared directory say /shared/dir/ then you can go for another...

Do you have a shell command that shows if active or standby?
Then you can have identical crontab entries.
For example your shell command is "activecommand" and has an exit status zero when active,...

Are there any cron jobs on your system that need to run on the stand-by server? If not, have you considered disabling cron on the stand-by server and enable it when there is a switch from stand-by...