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sed '2,$s/./&\n/g' file

Try:
sed '/>/!s/./&\
/g' file

or with GNU sed:
sed '/>/!s/./&\n/g file

Hi.

This demonstration code:
#!/usr/bin/env bash

# @(#) s1 Demonstrate separate, transpose, sort, transpose, combine file matrix.

# Utility functions: print-as-echo,...

Apart from solving above line length problems, here's something to start with if the problem doesn't hit system limits:
awk -F"\t" '
NR == 1 {printf "%s", substr ($0, 1, index($0, $5)-1)
...

Tryawk '{sub (/^\.$/,"GG",$9)}1' file

Try this (verbose) awk code:
awk -F'\t' '
NR < 4 { print }
NR > 3 { $9="GG"; print }
' OFS='\t' file

Another one, which assumes that the x values are in ascending order and it will interpolate and extrapolate if x is beyond the boundaries in file2
awk '
FNR==1 {
next ...

....
' OFMT='%.6f' file2 file

Some more way...by sorting...

awk '
FNR==NR && FNR >1 {
# Read first file starting from 2nd line
A[$1]=$2
next
}

NR!=1 && FNR==1{
# Reading 2nd...

@Kush there was one small bug with index I just fixed it, use updated code, and cross check from here... Linear Interpolation Equation Formula Calculator...

Good stuff, AkshayHedge!
One suggestion for the function implementation. If you variables local to the function, declare them as formal in the function declaration. Otherwise their scope is global...

I think you want to thank Akshay Hegde really. Press the :b:Thanks button at the end of the correct post.

Perhaps you could take out the headers from your file so that it's just the raw data.

...

akshay@Aix:~/Desktop$ cat f1
BP CM
752566 rs3094315
752721 rs3131972
753541 rs2073813
760300 rs11564776
12222222


akshay@Aix:~/Desktop$ cat f2
BP CM
740857 1.984065...

Okay, let's try this:-#!/bin/ksh

interpolate()
{
BP_flag=0
while read BPT CMT
do
if [ $BPT -lt $BP ]
then
BP1=$BPT
CM1=$CMT
elif [ $BP_flag -eq 0 ]
then...

awk 'FNR==NR {f1[$1]=$2;next} $1 in f1 {$0=$0 OFS f1[$1]}1' dataset1 dataset2

Making use of default mechanisms in awk, Makarand Dodmis' proposal can be reduced to awk '$2~/^rs/' file

perl -ne 'print if/^\d+\s+rs/' <filename>

tryawk '{if($2 ~ /^rs/) {print $0}}' file

for checking column 2 and 3. It will remove duplicates if both column 2 and 3 matches.

awk '!X[$2,$3]++' file

Put this is a file - testawk.awk

{
for (i=1;i<=NF;i++)
{
arr[NR,i]=$i;
if(big <= NF)
big=NF;
}
}

END {
for(i=1;i<=big;i++)
{
for(j=1;j<=NR;j++)
{
...