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$ ls -l
total 16

$ ls -l
-rwxr-xr-x 1 372 Apr 19 11:43 test.sh
-rw-rw-r-- 1 58 Apr 19 11:44 xxx
-rw-rw-r-- 1 87 Apr 19 11:44 yyy
-rw-rw-r-- 1 29 Apr 19 11:33 zzz

$ cat test.sh
ls -rt >...

Your problem is explained quite easily and quite often in these forums: piped commands are executed in a subshell, variables of which cannot get handed back to the calling shell. You can use temp...

Yes, as you concluded, a pid is NOT unique within a 24 hour period. My understanding is they reach a maximum value, go back to lowest open value, and then start increasing again, reusing open slots...

Please use code tags when posting code fragments or data samples.

Also you did not mention what OS or SHELL you are using!

Here is a KSH code using Indexed Arrays:
#!/bin/ksh

typeset -a...

Could you use code tags? Thanks

suppose that file content lies in a.txt

fld1=`awk -F'=' '{print $1}' a.txt|tr '\n' ','|sed s/".$"//`
fld2=`awk -F'=' '{print $2}' a.txt|tr '\n' ','|sed s/".$"//`
echo $fld1
echo $fld2

The code uses a Conditional Expression (http://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/html_node/Conditional-Exp.html#Conditional-Exp) to construct variables: f1 & f2 values

If f1 is defined, then append...

The algorithm for allocating process IDs differs by type of OS. Some OS types allocate in sequential order up to 32,000 and then start over at the beginning using free slots. Others, namely AIX,...

awk -F'=' '{f1=f1?f1","$1:$1;f2=f2?f2","$2:$2}END{print f1; print f2}' file