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$ cat input.txt
field1
field2
field3 field4

field1
field2
field3 field4


$ awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)printf("\"%s\";",$i)}NF==0{printf("\n")}' input.txt...

Just the indexing? I will try to explain all of it.

Firstly, it is often (and better) written:


nawk -F= '!a[$1]++' filename


Each record (a line here) is split into fields. The first...