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Orawk '{print $0, "\t"($2==$4?"":"no ") "match"}' file3

Is that homework?


$ awk '$2 == $4 {print $0 "\tmatch"; next} {print $0 "\tno match"}' infile
1 yes a no no match
2 no b no match
3 yes c ...

You mean something like this?
echo $(grep -E 'A|B|C|D' *"test"*)


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On Solaris use /usr/xpg4/bin/grep