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PKG(7) BSD Miscellaneous Information Manual PKG(7)
NAME
pkg -- a utility for manipulating packages
SYNOPSIS
pkg <command>
pkg add [-f] <pkg.txz>
pkg -N
pkg bootstrap [-f]
DESCRIPTION
pkg is the package management tool. It is used to manage local packages installed from ports(7) and install/upgrade packages from remote
repositories.
To avoid backwards incompatibility issues, the actual pkg(8) tool is not installed in the base system. The first time invoked, pkg will
bootstrap the real pkg(8) from a remote repository.
pkg <command> If pkg(8) is not installed yet, it will be fetched, have its signature verified, installed, and then have the original command
forwarded to it. If already installed, the command requested will be forwarded to the real pkg(8).
pkg add [-f] <pkg.txz>
Install pkg(8) from a local package instead of fetching from remote. If a pkg.txz.sig file exists and signature checking is
enabled, then the signature will be verified before installing the package. If the -f flag is specified, then pkg(8) will be
installed regardless if it is already installed.
pkg -N Do not bootstrap, just determine if pkg(8) is actually installed or not. Returns 0 and the number of packages installed if it
is, otherwise 1.
pkg bootstrap [-f]
Attempt to bootstrap and do not forward anything to pkg(8) after it is installed. If the -f flag is specified, then pkg(8)
will be fetched and installed regardless if it is already installed.
CONFIGURATION
Configuration varies in whether it is in a repository configuration file or the global configuration file.
Repository configuration can be stored in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf in the following format:
FreeBSD: {
url: "pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/${ABI}/latest",
mirror_type: "srv",
signature_type: "none",
fingerprints: "/usr/share/keys/pkg",
enabled: yes
}
url Refer to PACKAGESITE in ENVIRONMENT
mirror_type Refer to MIRROR_TYPE in ENVIRONMENT
signature_type Refer to SIGNATURE_TYPE in ENVIRONMENT
fingerprints Refer to FINGERPRINTS in ENVIRONMENT
enabled Defines whether this repository should be used or not. Valid values are yes, true, 1, no, false, 0.
Global configuration can be stored in /usr/local/etc/pkg.conf in the following format:
PACKAGESITE: "pkg+http://pkg.FreeBSD.org/${ABI}/latest",
MIRROR_TYPE: "srv",
SIGNATURE_TYPE: "none",
FINGERPRINTS: "/usr/share/keys/pkg",
ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES: "yes"
REPOS_DIR: ["/etc/pkg", "/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos"]
Reference ENVIRONMENT for each variable.
ENVIRONMENT
The following environment variables can be set to override the settings from the pkg.conf file used.
MIRROR_TYPE This defines which mirror type should be used. Valid values are SRV, HTTP, NONE.
ABI This defines the ABI for the package to be installed. Default ABI is determined from /bin/sh.
ASSUME_ALWAYS_YES If set, no confirmation will be asked when bootstrapping pkg(8).
SIGNATURE_TYPE If set to FINGERPRINTS then a signature will be required and validated against known certificate fingerprints when boot-
strapping pkg(8).
FINGERPRINTS If SIGNATURE_TYPE is set to FINGERPRINTS this value should be set to the directory path where known fingerprints are
located.
PACKAGESITE The URL that pkg(8) and other packages will be fetched from.
REPOS_DIR Comma-separated list of directories that should be searched for repository configuration files.
FILES
Configuration is read from the files in the listed order. This path can be changed by setting REPOS_DIR. The last enabled repository is the
one used for bootstrapping pkg(8).
/usr/local/etc/pkg.conf
/etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf
/usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/*.conf
EXAMPLES
Some examples are listed here. The full list of available commands are available in pkg(8) once it is bootstrapped.
Search for a package:
$ pkg search perl
Install a package:
% pkg install perl
List installed packages:
$ pkg info
Upgrade from remote repository:
% pkg upgrade
List non-automatic packages:
$ pkg query -e '%a = 0' %o
List automatic packages:
$ pkg query -e '%a = 1' %o
Delete an installed package:
% pkg delete perl
Remove unneeded dependencies:
% pkg autoremove
Change a package from automatic to non-automatic, which will prevent autoremove from removing it:
% pkg set -A 0 perl
Change a package from non-automatic to automatic, which will make autoremove allow it be removed once nothing depends on it:
% pkg set -A 1 perl
Create package file from an installed package:
% pkg create -o /usr/ports/packages/All perl
Determine which package installed a file:
$ pkg which /usr/local/bin/perl
Audit installed packages for security advisories:
$ pkg audit
Check installed packages for checksum mismatches:
# pkg check -s -a
Check for missing dependencies:
# pkg check -d -a
SEE ALSO
ports(7), pkg(8)
HISTORY
The pkg command first appeared in FreeBSD 9.1. It became the default package tool in FreeBSD 10.0, replacing the pkg_install suite of tools
pkg_add(1), pkg_info(1) and pkg_create(1).
BSD
December 12, 2013 BSD
