PASSWD(5) File Formats Manual PASSWD(5)NAME
passwd - password file
DESCRIPTION
Passwd contains for each user the following information:
name (login name, contains no upper case)
encrypted password
numerical user ID
numerical group ID
GCOS job number, box number, optional GCOS user-id
initial working directory
program to use as Shell
This is an ASCII file. Each field within each user's entry is separated from the next by a colon. The GCOS field is used only when commu-
nicating with that system, and in other installations can contain any desired information. Each user is separated from the next by a new-
line. If the password field is null, no password is demanded; if the Shell field is null, the Shell itself is used.
This file resides in directory /etc. Because of the encrypted passwords, it can and does have general read permission and can be used, for
example, to map numerical user ID's to names.
FILES
/etc/passwd
SEE ALSO getpwent(3), login(1), crypt(3), passwd(1), group(5)PASSWD(5)
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PASSWD(5) File Formats and Conversions PASSWD(5)NAME
passwd - the password file
DESCRIPTION
/etc/passwd contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (":"). These fields are:
o login name
o optional encrypted password
o numerical user ID
o numerical group ID
o user name or comment field
o user home directory
o optional user command interpreter
The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some
applications which read the /etc/passwd file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is blank. If the password
field is a lower-case "x", then the encrypted password is actually stored in the shadow(5) file instead; there must be a corresponding line
in the /etc/shadow file, or else the user account is invalid. If the password field is any other string, then it will be treated as an
encrypted password, as specified by crypt(3).
The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as finger(1).
The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The login program uses this information to set the value of
the $HOME environmental variable.
The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute.
The login program uses this information to set the value of the $SHELL environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the
value /bin/sh.
FILES
/etc/passwd
User account information.
/etc/shadow
optional encrypted password file
/etc/passwd-
Backup file for /etc/passwd.
Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools.
SEE ALSO crypt(3), getent(1), getpwnam(3), login(1), passwd(1), pwck(8), pwconv(8), pwunconv(8), shadow(5), su(1), sulogin(8).
File Formats and Conversions 06/24/2011 PASSWD(5)
does anyone know how to combine 2 lines? this is what im playing around with.
(filename: online, user name: prml0001, real name: primal)
#!/bin/sh
who | grep $1 > /dev/null
if
then
grep $1 /etc/passwd | cut -f 5, -d :
echo is logged on
exit 0
else
grep $1... (13 Replies)
Hello
If you want a short description read my last thread!
I have no root access anymore. No remote access! By user access i get a programm started and when i close it, i got logged off!
So I guess I messed up the passwd file!
is there a chance of booting a unix system (SCO-UNIX UnixWare... (15 Replies)
My goal is to protect the /etc/passwd from unauthorized viewing. I wish ti change the permissions of the file to :
-r--r----- 1 root bin
so only root or accounts of the "bin" group could query this sensitive file. All our other processes have been ajusted to not need any info from... (16 Replies)
Hi ,
as others users here , i'm searching for a script which can automate "passwd" dialog .
I saw threads about "expect tool" but on my platforms , "C" product isn't installed and i'm not the admin so i can't install it.
is there another way to do it , with a "simple" shell script ???
... (35 Replies)
This is the source code:
#include <pwd.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
struct passwd *user;
char login="alex", password="qwertyuiop";
if ((user= getpwnam(login)) == NULL)
cout << "No such user\n";
else if... (24 Replies)
hi, all
I just started on new box where I have to diff passwd working perfectly on the very same account/user. I see that shadow was added recently (I'm not a root in there), I see 'x' in passwd. Not sure how it should work, should I change old passwd for one defined in shadow? Or it's fine to... (20 Replies)
hi guys
I'm having these problems with these commands and I have not idea why
# passwd
If 'passwd' is not a typo you can run the following command to lookup the package that contains the binary:
command-not-found passwd
-bash: passwd: command not found
# useradd temp
Warning:... (15 Replies)
I posted the below question on the CUPS forums yesterday and have still not been able to find a good answer of why or if I can keep this from happening.
I have been looking for a while now and have still not found what I am looking for. Is there a way to allow multiple users to be updating the... (13 Replies)
hi
i cant recovery root passwd through serial console mode by using CDROM.. i tried following step but no luck
in ok prompt :
ok boot cdrom -s it comes single user mode
i check format cmd it showing disk
c1t0d0
c1t2d0 then
#mount /dev/dsk/c1t0d0s0 /a
#cd /a
# vi /etc/shadow ( it... (13 Replies)
I wonder whether someone can help me with what I'm trying to achieve
Basically, the objective is one script to create new user on more than 70 linux hosts if required.
Everything works apart from the highlighted part. It gave me an output
passwd: Unknown user name ''. when try to set... (35 Replies)
I've created .htaccess and use htpasswd comand to create .htpasswd
Now when I try to access my protected area I still have loging panel.
I checked apache error log lile and found that there is some problem with mismatch password.
I use Apache 2.2 .22
Is there some erron in creating... (25 Replies)
Hey Gurus,
I have this requirement to change the password for other servers remotely from one server. So, I installed public keys on all servers and wrote the following script to do the job. Something appears to be wrong with my loop, as it only changes one server and ignores the rest. I'm... (24 Replies)