chflags(1) [opendarwin man page]

CHFLAGS(1)						    BSD General Commands Manual 						CHFLAGS(1)

NAME

     chflags -- change file flags

SYNOPSIS

     chflags [-R [-H | -L | -P]] flags file ...

DESCRIPTION

     The chflags utility modifies the file flags of the listed files as specified by the flags operand.

     The options are as follows:

     -H      If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed.  (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal
	     are not followed.)

     -L      If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed.

     -P      If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed.  This is the default.

     -R      Change the file flags for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves.

     The flags are specified as an octal number or a comma separated list of keywords.	The following keywords are currently defined:

	   arch    set the archived flag (super-user only)
	   opaque  set the opaque flag (owner or super-user only)
	   nodump  set the nodump flag (owner or super-user only)
	   sappnd  set the system append-only flag (super-user only)
	   schg    set the system immutable flag (super-user only)
	   sunlnk  set the system undeletable flag (super-user only)
	   uappnd  set the user append-only flag (owner or super-user only)
	   uchg    set the user immutable flag (owner or super-user only)
	   uunlnk  set the user undeletable flag (owner or super-user only)
	   archived, sappend, schange, simmutable, uappend, uchange, uimmutable, sunlink, uunlink
		   aliases for the above

     Putting the letters ``no'' before an option causes the flag to be turned off.  For example:

	   nouchg  the immutable bit should be cleared

     Symbolic links do not have flags, so unless the -H or -L option is set, chflags on a symbolic link always succeeds and has no effect.  The
     -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified.  In addition, these options override each other and the command's
     actions are determined by the last one specified.

     You can use "ls -lo" to see the flags of existing files.

DIAGNOSTICS

     The chflags utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

SEE ALSO

     ls(1), chflags(2), stat(2), fts(3), symlink(7)

HISTORY

     The chflags command first appeared in 4.4BSD.

BSD
								    May 2, 1995 							       BSD

CHOWN(8)						    BSD System Manager's Manual 						  CHOWN(8)

NAME

     chown -- change file owner and group

SYNOPSIS

     chown [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fhv] owner[:group] file ...
     chown [-R [-H | -L | -P]] [-fhv] :group file ...

DESCRIPTION

     chown sets the user ID and/or the group ID of the specified files.

     The options are as follows:

     -H      If the -R option is specified, symbolic links on the command line are followed.  (Symbolic links encountered in the tree traversal
	     are not followed.)

     -L      If the -R option is specified, all symbolic links are followed.

     -P      If the -R option is specified, no symbolic links are followed.

     -R      Change the user ID and/or the group ID for the file hierarchies rooted in the files instead of just the files themselves.

     -f      Don't report any failure to change file owner or group, nor modify the exit status to reflect such failures.

     -h      If file is a symbolic link, the owner and/or group of the link is changed.

     -v      Cause chown to be verbose, showing files as they are processed.

     The -H, -L and -P options are ignored unless the -R option is specified.  In addition, these options override each other and the command's
     actions are determined by the last one specified.

     The -L option cannot be used together with the -h option.

     The owner and group operands are both optional, however, one must be specified.  If the group operand is specified, it must be preceded by a
     colon (``:'') character.

     The owner may be either a user name or a numeric user ID.	The group may be either a group name or a numeric group ID.  Since it is valid to
     have a user or group name that is numeric (and doesn't have the numeric ID that matches its name) the name lookup is always done first.  Pre-
     ceding an ID with a ``#'' character will force it to be taken as a number.

     The ownership of a file may only be altered by a super-user for obvious security reasons.

     Unless invoked by the super-user, chown clears the set-user-id and set-group-id bits on a file to prevent accidental or mischievous creation
     of set-user-id and set-group-id programs.

     The chown utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.

COMPATIBILITY

     Previous versions of the chown utility used the dot (``.'') character to distinguish the group name.  This has been changed to be a colon
     (``:'') character so that user and group names may contain the dot character.

SEE ALSO

     chflags(1), chgrp(1), find(1), chown(2), lchown(2), fts(3), symlink(7)

STANDARDS

     The chown command is expected to be POSIX 1003.2 compliant.

     The -v option and the use of ``#'' to force a numeric lookup are extensions to IEEE Std 1003.2 (``POSIX.2'').

BSD
								 December 9, 2005							       BSD