pkd(8) BSD System Manager's Manual pkd(8)NAME
pkd -- management and supervision daemon for plug-in services
SYNOPSIS
pkd
DESCRIPTION
pkd manages plug-ins for the PlugInKit subsystem. It is a classic launch agent managed by launchd.
SEE ALSO pluginkit(8)xpc(3)BUGS
None yet.
HISTORY
Pkd was first introduced in OS X 10.9.
Pkd used to have a -v verbose option to increase logging. This is now accomplished through the logging system by enabling the "info" or
"debug" levels of logging for the "com.apple.pluginkit" subsystem.
Darwin June 1, 2019 Darwin
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launchd(8) BSD System Manager's Manual launchd(8)NAME
launchd -- System wide and per-user daemon/agent manager
DESCRIPTION
launchd manages processes, both for the system as a whole and for individual users.
The primary and preferred interface to launchd is via the launchctl(1) tool which (among other options) allows the user or administrator to
load and unload jobs. Where possible, it is preferable for jobs to launch on demand based on criteria specified in their respective configu-
ration files.
launchd also manages XPC services that are bundled within applications and frameworks on the system.
During boot launchd is invoked by the kernel to run as the first process on the system and to further bootstrap the rest of the system.
You cannot invoke launchd directly.
NOTES
On Darwin operating systems, the canonical way to launch a daemon is through launchd as opposed to traditional POSIX and POSIX-like mecha-
nisms or mechanisms provided in earlier versions of OS X. These alternate methods should be considered deprecated and not suitable for new
projects.
In the launchd lexicon, a daemon is, by definition, a system-wide service of which there is one instance for all clients. An agent is a ser-
vice that runs on a per-user basis. Daemons should not attempt to display UI or interact directly with a user's login session. Any and all
work that involves interacting with a user should be done through agents.
XPC services which are marked with a ServiceType of System are functionally equivalent to daemons and run in the same environment, sharing
the same Mach bootstrap namespace. XPC services which are marked with a ServiceType of User are equivalent to agents with the LimitLoadToSes-
sionType key specifying the Background session and run in the same environment, sharing the same Mach bootstrap namespace. See
launchd.plist(5) for more information about user sessions.
On Darwin platforms, a user environment includes a specific Mach bootstrap subset, audit session and other characteristics not recognized by
POSIX. Therefore, making the appropriate setuid(2) and setgid(2) system calls is not sufficient to completely assume the identity for a
given user. Running a service as a launchd agent or a per-user XPC service is the only way to run a process with a complete identity of that
user.
FILES
~/Library/LaunchAgents Per-user agents provided by the user.
/Library/LaunchAgents Per-user agents provided by the administrator.
/Library/LaunchDaemons System-wide daemons provided by the administrator.
/System/Library/LaunchAgents Per-user agents provided by Apple.
/System/Library/LaunchDaemons System-wide daemons provided by Apple.
SEE ALSO launchctl(1), launchd.plist(5),
DEVELOPER DOCUMENTATION
The Daemons and Services Programming Guide can be found at the following URL:
https://developer.apple.com/library/content/documentation/MacOSX/Conceptual/BPSystemStartup/Chapters/Introduction.html
Darwin 25 November, 2013 Darwin