orientation(5) [hpux man page]

orientation(5)							File Formats Manual						    orientation(5)

NAME

       orientation - the orientation of a stream

DESCRIPTION

       The  orientation  of a stream is a property of a object that is handled as a input/output stream.  It is useful when the input/output model
       assumes that characters are handled as wide-characters within an application and stored as multi-byte characters in files, and that all the
       wide-character input/output functions begin executing with the stream positioned at the boundary between two multi-byte characters.

       After  a  stream is associated with a file, but before any operations are performed on the stream, the stream is without orientation.  If a
       wide-character input or output function is applied to a stream without orientation, the stream becomes wide-oriented implicitly.  Likewise,
       if  a  byte  input  or  output operation is applied to a stream without orientation, the stream becomes byte-oriented implicitly.  Only the
       function can alter the orientation of a stream explicitly when the stream is without orientation.

       Just after a stream is associated with a pipe by the function, the stream is byte-oriented.

       After the stream becomes byte-oriented or wide-oriented, the orientation of a stream will be fixed and can not be changed until the  stream
       is closed.

       The following functions are wide-character input/output functions.

       The following functions are byte input/output functions.

EXAMPLES

       To read characters from a stream when the orientation of the stream is unknown :

WARNINGS

       If  byte  input/output  functions are applied to a wide-oriented stream or wide-character input/output functions are applied to a byte-ori-
       ented stream, the behavior is undefined.

AUTHOR

       The functionality of the orientation of a stream was developed by HP and Mitsubishi Electric Corporation.

SEE ALSO

       fgetws(3C), fopen(3S), fread(3S), fwide(3C), fwprintf(3C), fwscanf(3C), getc(3S), gets(3S),  getwc(3C),	popen(3S),  printf(3S),  putc(3S),
       puts(3S), putwc(3C), putws(3C), scanf(3S), ungetc(3S), ungetwc(3C).

																    orientation(5)

FWIDE(3)						     Linux Programmer's Manual							  FWIDE(3)

NAME

       fwide - set and determine the orientation of a FILE stream

SYNOPSIS

       #include <wchar.h>

       int fwide(FILE *stream, int mode);

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       fwide():
	   _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 500 || _ISOC99_SOURCE ||
	   _POSIX_C_SOURCE >= 200112L

DESCRIPTION

       When  mode is zero, the fwide() function determines the current orientation of stream.  It returns a positive value if stream is wide-char-
       acter oriented, that is, if wide-character I/O is permitted but char I/O is disallowed.	It returns a negative value if stream is byte ori-
       ented--that  is,  if char I/O is permitted but wide-character I/O is disallowed.  It returns zero if stream has no orientation yet; in this
       case the next I/O operation might change the orientation (to byte oriented if it is a char I/O operation, or to wide-character oriented	if
       it is a wide-character I/O operation).

       Once a stream has an orientation, it cannot be changed and persists until the stream is closed.

       When  mode  is nonzero, the fwide() function first attempts to set stream's orientation (to wide-character oriented if mode is greater than
       0, or to byte oriented if mode is less than 0).	It then returns a value denoting the current orientation, as above.

RETURN VALUE

       The fwide() function returns the stream's orientation, after possibly changing it.  A positive return value means wide-character  oriented.
       A negative return value means byte oriented.  A return value of zero means undecided.

CONFORMING TO

       POSIX.1-2001, POSIX.1-2008, C99.

NOTES

       Wide-character output to a byte oriented stream can be performed through the fprintf(3) function with the %lc and %ls directives.

       Char oriented output to a wide-character oriented stream can be performed through the fwprintf(3) function with the %c and %s directives.

SEE ALSO

       fprintf(3), fwprintf(3)

COLOPHON

       This  page is part of release 4.15 of the Linux man-pages project.  A description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the
       latest version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

GNU
								    2016-03-15								  FWIDE(3)