Query: ftio
OS: hpux
Section: 1
Format: Original Unix Latex Style Formatted with HTML and a Horizontal Scroll Bar
ftio(1) General Commands Manual ftio(1)NAMEftio - faster tape I/OSYNOPSIS|blksize] type] extarg] comment] filelist] datefile] script] tty] nobufs] tapedev [pathnames] ignorenames] |blksize] script] tty] nobufs] tapedev [patterns] tapedev [patterns] Remarks Note: The and commands are deprecated for creating new archives. See for more information.DESCRIPTIONis a tool designed specifically for copying files to tape drives. It performs faster than either or in comparable situations (see cpio(1) and tar(1)). uses multiple processes (to read/write the file system and to write/read the tape device), with large amounts of memory shar- ing between processes as well as a large block size for reading and writing to the tape. is compatible with in that output from is always readable by and output from is readable by except as explained in the "cpio Compatibility" section, later in the manpage. must be invoked with exactly one of the following options: or The and options specify that is writing "out" from file system to tape; the and options specify that is writing "in" from tape to file system. The and options can be followed by modifiers that must appear immedi- ately after the option with no spaces between the option and the modifier, as in (see Modifiers section below). tapedev specifies the name of a device special file for the tape device to which the output is written. A device on a remote machine can be specified in the form creates a server process from on the remote machine to access the tape device. If does not exist on the remote system, creates a server process from on the remote machine to access the tape device. Options recognizes the following options: Copy (out) files from the file system to tapedev, including path name and status information. If pathnames are specified, recursively descends pathnames looking for files, and copies those files to tapedev. If pathnames are not specified, reads the standard input to obtain a list of path names to copy. can copy to multiple tapes if required. For every tape used, generates a tape header containing the current tape volume number, machine node name and type, operating system name, release and ver- sion numbers (all from the system call; see uname(2)), username of the person issuing the command, the time and date the command was executed, the number of consecutive times the current media has been used, a comment field, and other items used internally by The tape header is separated from the main body of the tape archive by an end-of-file mark. The tape header can be read by invoking with the device file name as the first argument (see cat(1)). Note, charac- ter and block device special files written with the option are not transportable to other HP-UX implementations. Copy out files in the same way as when no modifiers are used with the However, if the file exists in the user's home directory, opens this file and scans for lines preceded by Options defined on matching lines are passed to as if they had been specified on the com- mand line. See section. Extract (copy into the file system) files from tapedev, which is assumed to be a tape and the product of a previous operation. Only files with names that match patterns, according to the rules of Pattern Matching Notation (see regexp(5)), are selected. In addition, a leading within a pattern indicates that only those names that do not match the remainder of the pattern should be selected. Multiple patterns can be specified. If no patterns are specified, the default for patterns is (that is, select all files). The extracted files are conditionally created and copied into the current directory tree, based upon the options described below. The permissions of the files are those of the previous operation. Extract (copy into the file system) files in the same way as for when no modifiers are used with the However, if the file exists in the user's home directory, opens this file, and scans for lines preceded by Options defined on matching lines are passed to as if they had been specified on the com- mand line. See section. Read the file list in tapedev. If patterns is specified, only file names that match are printed. Note that file names are always preceded by the volume that expected the file to be on when the file list was created; thus only the last volume is valid in this respect. Specifies the handling of any extent attributes of the file[s] to be archived. Extent attributes cannot be preserved when archiving files with extarg takes one of the following values: Issue a warning message and archive the file without extent attributes. A file with extent attributes will be archived, without preserving the extent attributes and without issuing a warning message. A file with extent attributes will not be archived and a warning message will be issued. If is not specified, the default value for extarg is Specify the size (in bytes) of blocks written to tape. This number can end with which specifies multiplication by 1024. The use of larger blocks generally improves perfor- mance and tape usage. The maximum allowable block size is limited by the tape drive used. A default of 16384 bytes is set because this is the maximum block size on most Hewlett-Packard tape drives. Descend a directory recursively, only if the file system to which it belongs is type, where type can be or Arguments following specify patterns that should not be copied to the tape. The same rules apply to ignorenames as to patterns; see the earlier description for Specify a comment to be placed in the tape header. Create a list of the files being backed up. filelist specifies the output file. If pathnames is specified, perform the file search and generate a list of files prior to actually commencing the backup. This list is then appended to the tape header of each tape in the backup as a list of files that attempted to fit onto this tape. The last tape in the backup contains a catalog identifying where the files are in the archive set. If pathnames is not also specified, the file list is taken from standard input before the backup begins. In addition to generating file lists, the option implements tape checkpointing, allowing the backup to restart from a write failure on bad media. Make fully compatible with That is, do not generate or expect tape headers and change the default block size to 5120 bytes. (See the cpio Com- patibility section below.) Only files newer than the file specified in datefile are copied to tape. Resynchronize automatically, when goes out of phase. This is useful when restoring from a multi-tape backup from tapes other than the first. By default, asks the user if resynchronization is required. Specify a command to be invoked every time a tape is completed in a multi-tape backup. The command is invoked with the following arguments: script tape_no user_name. script is the string argument script specified with the option. tape_no is the number of the tape required, and user_name is the user who invoked Typically, the string script specifies a shell script which is used to notify the user that a tape change is required. Specify alternative to Normally is opened by when terminal interaction is required. Specify the number of blksize chunks of memory to use as buffer space between the two processes, where blksize is the size of blocks writ- ten to the tape. More chunks is usually better, but a point is reached where no improvement is gained, and perfor- mance might deteriorate as buffer space is swapped out of main memory. A default value of 16 is set for nobufs, but using 32 or 64 might improve performance if your system is not heavily loaded. Best results are obtained when back- ups are performed with the system in single-user mode (see shutdown(1M)). Modifiers The following modifiers can be used with certain options as indicated in the After files are copied to tape, reset their access time to appear as though the files were not accessed by Write header information in ASCII character form, for portability. When restoring files, create directories as needed. Copy in all files except those that match patterns. Archive the files to which symbolic links point, as if they were normal files or directories. By default, archives the link itself. Retain previous file modification time and ownership of file. Restoring modification time does not apply to directories that are being restored. At the end of the backup, print the number of blocks transferred, the total time taken (excluding tape rewind and reel-change time), and the effective transfer rate calculated from these figures. These values are printed at the end of each tape if is specified twice. Print only a table of contents of the input. No files are created, read, or copied. Copy unconditionally (by default, does not replace a newer file with a older file of the same name). Be verbose. Print a list of file names and tape headers. When used with the modifier, the table of contents looks the same as the out- put of the (ell) command (see ls(1)). Save or restore device special files. uses mknod(2) to recreate these files during a restore operation. Thus, this modifier is restricted to users with appropri- ate privileges. This is intended for intrasystem (backup) use. Restoring device files onto a different system can be very dangerous. If copying from tape or option), print all file names found on the tape archive, noting which files have been restored. This is useful when the user restores selected files, but wants to know which (if any) files are on the tape. If copying to tape or option), the modifier suppresses warning messages regarding optional access control list entries. ftio(1) does not back up optional access control list entries in a file's access control list (see acl(5)). Normally, a warning message is printed for each file that has optional access control list entries. When archiving, store all files having absolute path names (that is, path names beginning with with path names relative to the root directory (in other words, remove the leading On restoration, any files in the archive that had an absolute path name before archiving are restored relative to the current directory. Same as the option, except that the file list is left in the current directory as the file instead of the file named in filelist. On restoration, use to allocate disk space beforehand for the file (see prealloc(2)). This vastly improves the localization of file fragments. When end-of-tape is reached, invokes script if the option was specified, rewinds the current tape, then asks the user to mount the next tape. To pass one or more metacharacters to without having the shell expand them, protect them either by preceding each of them with a backslash (as in or enclosing them in protective single quotes (as in cpio Compatibility uses the same archive format as However, by default creates tape headers and uses a tape block size of 16KB. by default uses 512-byte blocks. When used with the option, uses 5120 byte blocks. To achieve full compatibility with in either input or output mode, the user should specify the modifier. creates a single- or multi-tape archive that has no tape headers, and, by default, the same block size as An archive created by a command can be restored using If the modifier of is combined with a block-size specification, full compatibility with (no is achieved.EXTERNAL INFLUENCESEnvironment Variables determines the collating sequence used in evaluating pattern matching notation for file name generation. determines the characters matched by character class expressions in pattern matching notation. determines the format and contents of date and time strings. determines the language in which messages are displayed. If or is not specified in the environment or is set to the empty string, the value of is used as a default for each unspecified or empty variable. If is not specified or is set to the empty string, a default of C (see lang(5)) is used instead of If any internationalization variable contains an invalid setting, behaves as if all internationalization variables are set to C. See environ(5). International Code Set Support Single-byte character code sets are supported.EXAMPLESCopy the entire contents of the file system (including special files) onto tape drive Restore all the files on relative to the current directory: List the contents of a backup set created using Note that use of the modifier gives a more detailed listing, and displays the contents of tape headers. Show how to use the file: Assume a file exists in the user's home directory and contains the following: Invoke with the following command line to back up the user's home directory and the operating system commands directory: Specifying the option causes to check the file for additional options. In this case, character headers are generated, access times are reset, a listing of the files copied are printed to standard output, all file names are copied to with path names relative to performance data is printed when the backup is complete (and at every tape change), and, if the backup goes beyond one media the script, is invoked by after each media is completed.WARNINGSThe and commands are deprecated for creating new archives. In a future HP-UX release, creation of new archives with these commands will not be supported. Support will be continued for archive retrieval. Use the standard command (portable archive interchange) to create ar- chives. See pax(1). Because of industry standards and interoperability goals, does not support the archival of files larger than 2GB or files that have user/group IDs greater than 60K. Files with user/group IDs greater than 60K are archived and restored under the user/group ID of the cur- rent process. operates using System V shared memory and semaphores. The resources committed to these functions are not freed automatically by the system when the process terminates. does this only when it terminates normally, or when it terminates after receiving one the following signals: Any other signal is handled in the default manner described by signal(2). Note that the behavior for is to terminate the process without delay. Thus, if receives a signal (as might be produced by the indiscriminate use of (see kill(1)), system resources used for shared mem- ory and semaphores are not returned to the system. If it becomes necessary to terminate an invocation of use instead. Current system usage of shared memory and semaphores can be checked using the command (see ipcs(1)). Committed resources can be removed using (see ipcrm(1)).AUTHORwas developed by HP.SEE ALSOcpio(1), find(1), ipcs(1), ipcrm(1), kill(1), ls(1), pax(1), rmt(1M), mknod(2), prealloc(2), signal(2), uname(2), acl(5), environ(5), lang(5), regexp(5), mt(7). TO BE OBSOLETED ftio(1)